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STORAGE AND PRESERVATION OF NEGATIVES
The recent great development of film production with its representation of subjects of exceptional documentary and historical or artistic value, makes the preservation of negatives of the highest importance. The solution of the problem of storage, when dealing with negatives that should be preserved for tens, of for hundreds of years, when such films represent the life of today, its folklore, the ethnical boundaries of countries in process of establishment, explorations, discoveries, the imposing flights, the great conquests achieved by human daring, is of the highest interest. (Today everyone carries at least a kodak ).
Experimenting on old photographic plate negatives, or on printed copies of positives prepared by means of an emulsion of collodion and gelatine, has proved that pictures can very well be preserved, provided certain fundamental precautions are taken.
Cinematographic processes are relatively too recent a practise to enable us to draw comparisons between the preservation of plates and that of films. Unfortunately also, many films of historical interest, taken in the latter years of the last, or the first years of the present century, were left in such pitiable condition that little of them has been preserved.
Cinematographic film negatives based on a nitro-cellulose compound were introduced for the first time in 1889, and the emulsion was neither at that time nor for a considerable period after, as sensitive as the emulsion used today. Up to the year 1895 the same emulsion was used in the preparation of positives. It was only at the latter date that the commercial production of film positives was started, and, two or three years later, a definite distinction was made between negatives and positives.
Photographic negative films however, had been used in increasing proportions during the period mentioned and their preparation which is on a basis exactly similar to that of cinematographic negatives, was subjected to identical processes and received the same treatment, we are able to form an opinion on the comparative qualities and possibilities in the preservation of films, making allowance for differences in manufacture.
Tests carried out by the Kodak Co. tend to show that provided the washing and impression of negatives is properly carried out, their preservation can be ensured for a long time. The constituent parts of a negative cinema film are a basis of nitro— cellulose, and a layer of gelatine containing silver bromide. The basis of nitro-cellulose mainly consists of cotton
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