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THE USE OF THE FILM IN THE STUDY OF NERVOUS DISEASES
(from the Portuguese)
The use of the cinematograph in connection with the study of biology may be said to date back to the earliest improvements achieved in the technique of this wonderful invention.
Most people are acquainted with the demonstrations of the intimate mechanism of the circulation of the blood and of many other micro-biological phenomena which have been made possible by the new method of combining the use of the cinematograph with that of the ultra-microscope. More recent experiments have enabled us to combine cinematographic methods with radiographic processes (kineradiography) , and this is responsible for the advances made in the study of the physiological and pathological movements of the heart, stomach, and other organs, which have cast so much light on their motor functions.
It is, however, in the field of nervous disease that the film has made its most valuable contribution to medical science. In this domain it is applied in a multitude of different ways, both for the more perfect analysis of clinical phenomena, from the standpoint of their scientific interpretation, and for the purposes of demonstration in medical teaching.
In the sphere of all motor manifestations, the cinematograph offers the surest means of investigating psychological and pathological movement, for it enables us to decompose movement into its component parts and to become acquainted with its several phases.
The results obtained many years ago in this particular field by the experiments of Marey, who applied chronophotography to the study of locomotion in men and animals, and especially to the flight of birds, gave rise to further technical innovations (i) ;
(i) Cf. R. Ohm, Ein Apparat filr photo gr aphis che Registrierung von Bewegungsvorgangen (Munchener Medizin. Wochenschau, 191c, p. 1498)
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