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Further, there must be a ventilator giving access to the outer air, which will automatically open against internal pressure of 6 kg. per square metre. The aperture must be at least 0,25 square metres in diameter. Air shafts, if any, must not be connected with another room. The insulation of hot pipes or other heating apparatus must be such that films cannot be placed upon it. Open stoves must be forbidden. There should be no gas-cookers or other apparatus burning a naked flame and, except for the films themselves, no other inflammable matter should be kept in the room. Film must be kept in a safety clipboard.
In the case of celluloid film these regulations must be strictly adhered to. The cupboards prescribed are made in many models all of which guarantee the safety of films even in the event of fire. Among the best-known German makes are Garny, Geyer, Pillen and Blodner.
The necessary requirements of a safety cupboard are as follows:
(1) Under official test conditions, the film kept in the closed cupboard should not ignite or decompose without burning, until the expiry of half-an-hour.
(2) In order to prevent the whole contents from catching fire or decomposing as soon as the cupboard is opened, the latter must be divided into compartments, each capable of containing not more than 40 kg. Their construction and locking device must be such that only one compartment can be pulled out or opened at a time and that, in the event of the combustion or decomposition of the film in one compartment, the films in the othei compartments are adequately protected against a spread of fire or transmission of heat (causing decomposition without burning).
(3) The cupboard must be such that, if the contents decompose without burning, the pressure will not burst the cupboard.
(4) Each cupboard should indicate the nett weight of film it is authorised to hold.
The Garny cupboard (Franz Garny, G. m. b. H., Hanauerlandstrasse 3-5, Frankfurt a. Main) has an automatic lock so that its contents are at all times piotected. If a fire breaks out outside, it can never spread to the films in the cupboard, which are insulated by asbestos and airspaces. If a fire should break out within the cupboard, it will be confined to a single compartment and the resultant gases will find an egress by the front wall without any danger of the cupboard's exploding.
The cupboards manufactured by the firm of Andreas Pillen, 54 Hohenzollernring, Cologne, have, in addition to the safety contrivances mentioned above, a water-spraying device which comes into play automatically at a certain rise in temperature and whereby the contents of the cupboard and the escaping gases alike are cooled off substantially.
Cupboards made by other firms are nearly all constructed on these same principles.
The measures described should suffice to prevent any conflagration of