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instance a graminaceous, coniferous or leguminous plant. It is also desirable to show the influence of a low, medium and high temperature on root absorption.
The organs used by plants to absorb water from the soil will be shown by pulling various herbs from the ground and exposing their roots before and after repeated washings in water, so that the form and structure of the root hairs and their adherence with the earth particles by means of the partial swelling of their sides, may be shown on an enlarged scale.
This characteristic may be shown under the microscope by turning on to the preparation, immersed in water, a weak current of a suitable reagent that enhances the swelling, or a much diluted colour element fixed, by the jelly-like strata.
The absorption of the water by the root hairs may be illustrated by the enlarged picture of a root apparatus of plants placed under germination in a special receptacle, with grains of sand and water in sufficient quantities to form a sort of liquid meshwork round the grains and the sand. The gradual shrinking of this meshwork and the current of water running towards the filaments, will be manifested as the plant gradually consumes the water.
Transpiration.
Preparation and functioning of an apparatus to show and measure the consumption of water by a branch separated from its trunk.
The projection of preparations of the under epidermis of plants, to illustrate various types of stoma : projection of a mechanical model of stoma, showing the deformation of stomatic cells according to the variations of turgor, in correspondence with the opening and closing of the stoma.
Preparation and functioning of an apparatus showing the force with which water is sucked from the branch or twig in full leaf.
Preparation and functioning of a protometer, showing the passage of air through the stoma.
The amount of water sucked up by a potted plant measured by scales.
Photosynthetic assimilation of Carbon.
Projection of the cells of Elodea canadensis, in order to illustrate the chloroplasts.
Extraction of the raw chlorophyll, separation of the xanthophyll and the carotine of the chlorophyll.
The absorption spectrum of these pigments. Experiment with Elodea canadensis and other acquatic plants, to show the development of oxygen during the assimilation. Engelmann experiment, partly illuminating a filament of alga immersed in water, in which there are aerobic-bacteria (spirillum undula). The experiment is more instructive when the alga is