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— iogi —
be considered from the visual angle, speech and sound being indispensably complementary.
Movement in all its truth is the scientific and artistic significance of the Cinema.
People and things may be photographed and their purposeful and studied movement may create drama. But, whilst the various causes from which the movements originate may be imagined, the movement itself will always be true because it is taken in all its spontaneity and by surprise.
Truth is before the camera in the shape of movement and its object.
The artist's task is first of all, quite apart from all distortion, to grasp this truth and to render it to a certain degree emotional. He must dissect the different phases of movement into rhythmic planes, according to the sentimental gestures of which the whole expression is built up.
The artist should play with the angles of truth to emphasize it.
Each second has its predominant visual gesture: it is this gesture that must be captured. The gestures and the expression are true; the art is to choose them, value them, modify them according to the emotional effect sought.
If we wish by means of this system to create drama, we must place another element as strong in truth up against the existing one in opposition to it. A struggle will ensue.
To sum up, the Cinema brings to art a new expression and this expression, no matter what form we may choose to give it, is the entirely special and splendid one of capturing movement, that is to say, the manifestations of life and their causes.
I have rarely found the truth of cinematic art applied in artistic or entertainment films. They are too often simply derivative from the old traditions of the theatre, plastic art and literature which act only indirectly by transposition and association. Rather have I found this truth in documentary films, that branch of the art so long despised and in educational and social films. These, unconcerned with the secondary matter of moving or amusing, go straight to the facts. By its very technique and its own power, the Cinema teaches life. It educates us and therein lies its great moral and social significance.
Application in the Educative Branch, Social and Artistic.
It is impossible to deny that the Cinema vastly increases our knowledge. At every moment it throws us out of our own environment, out of our own circle, our own knowledge, into worlds of which we were ignorant. It moves about, grasps forms, their rhythm and spirit by attacking those minute shades of difference which conceal instinct. It is a powerful eye added to our own which is much too limited.