International Review of Educational Cinematography (Jan-Dec 1931)

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— no5 — to enter those trades which are not so full and to prevent overcrowding in other branches of industry. And here we come to the entry of the Cinema into economic problems. The Cinema which not only teaches and educates but even guides, directs, influences, propagates and watches over the equilibrium of social activities. Advantages of the Cinema from a Technical and Industrial Point of View. " Two studies made by J. A. Piacitelli, industrial efficiency expert, show ' that the use of sub-standard film has given excellent results (production in' creased by 60 %, fatigue reduced, salaries raised, unit price lowered). He says that the recording of facts, especially in the case of a short re' petitive cycle, is more economically done by this than by auy other method. " Mr. F. G. Gilbreth and Mr. Allan H. Morgenson, assistant editor of Factory ' and Industrial Management, have photographed the progress of constructional ' works and the various positions of the workmen and they say that, " The ' greatest waste in the world comes from needless, ill-directed and ineffective ' motions." "With sub-standard film, the study of very small motions is is made possible ' without great expense. It xeveals the defective movements of a workman who ' seems to work rapidly and shows that, " rapidity and agility are not always one ' and the same thing" " In the U. S. S. R. the Cinema is in the forefront in all matters concerning ' protection of the workers and the tehnique of safety. Each factory is ' provided for in this manner. The films treat problems such as: Fatigue and ' how to fight it traumatism first-aid in cases of occupational accidents ' how to stop haemorrhage and to apply artificial respiration, etc., These films ' are followed with great interest by the workmen and they are made and ' shown with much care. " Other films are devoted to the special dangers of certain kinds of work: " Fire damp in mines," " no Volts," " The transportation of explosives." Psychotechnical selection plays a great part in the organisation of working methods and several films deal with this matter. " In Germany, the Department of Cinematography at Krupp's work in " Essen uses the Cinema to decrease the number of accidents at work. " In America, Finland and France, all fire brigades use the Cinema. In " Italy and Luxembourg the film is employed to prevent accidents at work. " Since 1926 in Italy, the Enios (Ente Nazionale Italiano per l'organizza" zione scientifica del Lavoro) has created a vast interest in the technical and " economic problems of work. Producers, industrial and agricultural, have " revised their organisation and material and have obtained better results " thereby. " In 1927, l'Enios had 8 films made to show the advantages of resorting to " scientific methods of work in the different branches of Industry. " In France, the Parisian Transport Corporation uses the Cinema for the " instruction of tramway and motorbus mechanics, the Eastern and Northern " Railway Companies for teaching the management of waggon-couplings travell" ing cranes and line switches (The Cinema and Teaching, p. 48, Coutrot and " The Scientific Organisation of Work). " Can the Cinema be used to determine professional aptitudes? M. Lahv