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38 —
now see what the well known people questioned by the Revue have to say on the matter ;
M. Marcel Ayme : " humanity has lost nothing of its instinct for bloodshed. In bull fights, the delirium of the crowd at the moment of death is highly suspect and quite likely, if the ancient gladiatorial combats were revived today, they would not lack enthousiastic crowds. Talk can do nothing against this instinct ; in the last hundred and fifty years there has been more talk of fraternity and more bloodshed than ever before ".
Henri BARBUSSE : " War films have a much smaller pacific effect than one might be tempted to believe. They excite the spirit of nationalism, put forward the idea of vengeance and reprisals. They must be looked at from this point of view ".
Emmanuel Berl : " psychologically speaking, war films may have an effect exactly opposite to that expected ".
Jean Richard BLOCH : " thinking that we act wisely we risk doing something extremely foolish ".
Albert CREMIEUX : " It is my opinion that these films have not the least consequence of any kind ".
Doctor G. Dumas : The effective action of war films, however intense it may be, can have no great positive or negative effect ".
Luc DliRTAIN : " the terrible image of war should walk beside contemporary civilisation like an uninvited guest, a terrible menace ".
Elie Faure : " I do not think that war films, however vividly they paint the horrors of warconstitute useful propaganda for peace. On the contrary they are propaganda for war. The character of Aztec art with its chopped up corpses, joined with bloody mortar, of Polynesian art with its cruel composite monsters, of Hindu art with its atrocious Kali bathing in the blood of victims, scenes of child massacres that cover the walls of Italian crypts, scenes of blood realistic, even real, by modern masters, Tintoretto, Rubens, Callot, Goya, Delacroix, none of these have mastered the fury of our instincts ".
Paul Morand : " When a war film is well made it can only make people want to fight ""
Jacque Spitz : " And now I if must answer I will say that, as war does not depend upon individual psychology, pacific influence of the individual can never bring about peace ' .
As for Pierre Emsey, he is not quite certain of the pacific effects which war films may have.
But any conclusive judgement in the matter would seem for the moment to be unobtainable.
In the meantime the I. I. E. C, wishing to contribute in a purely practical way to the discussion, presents the results obtained in an enquiry held amongst the schoolchildren of Italy and Belgium, two countries that have recently been at war.