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THE CINEMA IN EDUCATION
THE CINEMA AND EDUCATION
By Laura Dreyfus-Barney,
President of the Cinema and Radio Commission of the International Council of Women.
CINEMA and radio are assuming every day a more and more important place in the question of education. It is worth illustrating what has been attempted and what still remains too be done in this field.
Cinema and Teach The motion picture is
mS everywhere admitted
now as a complementary aid to teaching . Its purpose is to illustrate in a precise way a given lesson, to make an impression on young spirits, stressing clearly what they should retain in their memories.
In order to obtain the effect aimed at, the teacher must have : an exact knowledge of the way to use the cinema, a free choice in the matter of pictures, a clear understanding of the necessities for such explanations as he must give before or after the projection, as the case may be.
It is also necessary that he should know how to make a wise use of the slow motion projector, close-ups and stopping the running of the film. Since the way of showing events in certain pictures does not correspond with reality, the teacher must assist the pupil in distinguishing what is fact and what has been artificially prepared.
The post-scholastic film which is intended for minds already more formed has less need of didactic explanations.
Teachers prefer stills and lantern slides for very small children.
The organization of the scholastic cinema and the coordination of the problems which arise in connection with it are matters which engage the study and activity of the Inter
national Institute of Educational Cinematography in Rome. They are matters round which the efforts and experience of several countries are centred.
In Austria, the Urania Society, which is recognized as having a public utility qualification, counts some 50,000 members in Vienna, and displays great activity in its work for education and teaching by means of the motion picture. The society owns a vast building which contains eight halls that can be used for shows and projections and evening schools go on regularly . The projections include a long cultural picture and short educational films generally produced by the Urania itself. It has a renting service for schools clubs, etc., and loans out the necessary pictures. It uses from four to five million metres of film per year.
In the United States, there are well organized institutions of this kind. All the leading universities use the motion picture, Harvard, Yale (which has some fine stereoscopic films), etc. Information bureaux have been established in the large cities for visual teaching and their news reports are often regularly transmitted to the papers and reviews which ask for them.
The results of the symposia and researches made by the Payne Fund will be published this year. This committee was formed to study the effect of the motion picture on children. The International Institute of Teachers' College will organize a world inquiry on the effects obtained by the use of the motion picture.
In various scholastic centres of the United