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?eb., 1930] PROGRESS REPORT
C. Miscellaneous.
Screens. — The porous nature of many materials used for "talkie" screen construction has resulted in a serious lowering of screen reflection values and is a regrettable feature of sound pictures. 168 One new sound screen uses staggered perforations and it is claimed that better picture definition is obtained accompanied by clear sound emission.169 The use of grid condensers mounted directly on a screen, referred to previously,170 makes available a sound motion picture screen which takes up little more space than a regular screen, overall thickness being about 16 inches.
Parallel steel bands, 7 mm. wide and 0.1 mm. thick are placed in front of a screen to permit daylight projection. To avoid a direct black border on a screen, Keith-Albee hang a black velour curtain 10 feet behind the screen (which is exactly picture size) and use a black ground cloth on the floor.171 Patents172 issued include the use of an endless luminescent moving band viewed as a screen, several types of translucent screen materials, and the use of tiny glass pyramids embedded in a lead paint base.
Theater Construction and Illumination. — The largest theater on the Pacific coast was opened June 28, 1929. It seats 5000 persons and is designed in French architecture. The projection throw is 212 feet.172a Meshrabponi-Film and several other Russian organizations are building a "Swimming Theater" or showboat to seat GOO persons.173 It will be equipped for showing pictures and will have a special landing stage to allow it to stop at any desired place. Sylvester174 has discussed the essentials in floodlighting for theater stages and points out that prismatic lenses in front of the projector are used to control beam spread instead of reflector contours. The improved Clavilux invented by Wilfred, known as a Luminar has been installed in the Paramount Theater. It is described and illustrated quite fully in an article by Fox.176 Applebee176 has written on modern stage lighting. Henly177 has written several articles on heating and ventilating the theater. He describes panel systems of heating whereby ceilings, walls, and floors are heated by means of jointless steel coils embedded in the structure. His paper deals also with various methods of filtering the air. A marked reduction in reverberation and echo in public halls is claimed by Berliner to be obtained when the side walls are covered with wire cloth cement covered diaphragms.178 An audience filling one-quarter of the floor space is sufficient to prevent disturbances from the floor.