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516 P. E. TRUESDAUS [J. S. M. P. E.
biology, anthropology, and the fine arts. These films they have produced, or collected and edited, and on them they have exclusive distribution rights. They have also made a large collection of industrial films from over one hundred industries. These are used several times weekly in the Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration and also in other departments of the University. Although established as an educational institution, the Foundation is designed to be a self-supporting organization, deriving its income from the sale and distribution of its material to educational and cultural institutions. The films and photographs of the Foundation are available to colleges, schools, museums, churches, clubs, and similar organizations on a purchase or rental basis.
The value of these films in education may be summed up in the words of Dean Holmes of the Harvard Graduate School of Education. He says: "The film is the modern supplement to the book and has certain advantages as a form of expression which the book lacks. There is every reason to believe that the film may be developed by sincere and intelligent effort into a very powerful force for the dissemination of knowledge, and even for the increase of knowledge." President Eliot said, "The moving picture is a valuable means of instruction, and all our school systems ought to seize upon it." In so far as I can learn the adaptation of the voice to the motion picture film has not yet been employed by the University Film Foundation. This step no doubt will be taken in the near future.
The quality of memory possessed by the student of medicine is a large factor in obtaining his education and later in utilizing the lessons learned by experience. If the text in Gray's Anatomy, which is expected to be committed to memory, were to be placed word after word in a straight line, it would cover a distance of approximately forty-eight miles. In many of the medical schools this feat of memory is expected to be accomplished in three months. It is made particularly difficult and evanescent by fading of the memory idea and decay of the surface impression made upon the nervous system. Without pictures, charts, and dissections the student would find the task impossible. Add motion and sound to the illustrations now provided and the knowledge will be more easily acquired and the impression much more likely to be retained. The concept of physical memory has been extended to cover all changes in organic matter which outlast the operation of their causes. It is thus made synonymous with physiological habit. While