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518 P. E. TRUKSDALE [j. s. M. p. E.
study, cooperation, and endurance. For example, an anatomical still picture without color is not as intelligible as one with color differentiation. When the subject is in motion, it is less clear. Blood is black; muscles, vessels, and nerves are seldom distinct. The slightest shadow produced by the hand or instrument dims the operative field on the film. Therefore, problems of posture and light require strict attention to detail. We have pictured four thigh amputations, and although the last is better than the first, we have not produced one film worthy of presentation.
Moreover, it may be necessary to modify the atmosphere of the studio. The doctor is essentially a teacher, not an actor. While there are certain qualities peculiar to and essential for both, the doctor is primarily a school man and the actor a dramatic artist. The doctor's position is that of a messenger from a scientific body. He seeks to present clinical and experimental evidence in support of his observations. His attitude, personality, and power of expression are essential for convincing argument, but a make-up which gives him a school boy complexion and the mien of the happy warrior makes the doctor a product of decorative art, not a disciple of Galen.
A much desired effect of the talking motion picture in presenting a medical subject will be the economy of words ; since every syllable represents a monetary tax upon the speaker, for the first time in history there will be this very tangible controlling factor in favor of brevity without loss of substance. With every unnecessary word deleted from the text, the recital of the teacher by phonetic and artistic description converges upon the point at issue in such a manner as to engrave a lasting impression upon the memory of the student.
Furthermore, the general practitioner in his struggle to keep informed upon recent advances in medical knowledge and their practical application finds a problem difficult to solve. By the monetary cost of travel in pursuit of post-graduate study, and that intangible, but nevertheless very appreciable loss in clientele entailed by absence from his community, the doctor's continuation schooling is reduced to medical books and journals. In the light of such developments of modern science, it is likely that certain relationships between teacher and students of medicine will be modified. Lectures and demonstrations recorded on films will be made available to doctors wherever located, in city, town, or backwoods. Instead of the student appearing before the teacher in the