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186 PORTER H. EVANS [j. S. M. P. E.
tory where every step of the recording, developing, printing, and reproducing is done by expert engineers or where the disk has been made by re-recording from film to disk and, therefore, has in addition to its own limitations the limitations of the original film record. As will be noted later, we are recording simultaneously on disk and film (but releasing only on disk) and at the studio we find little choice between the best film reproduction and the average disk reproduction. The disk method, however, has the extremely valuable characteristic of being more uniform and reliable than the film in the theater.
Records have been produced commercially for some twenty-five years and as a result the galvano and pressing processes have reached a high degree of perfection. Experience has been accumulating for several years on the use of electric recording equipment and as a result the technic of cutting waxes by the electric process is well understood and no difficulties are encountered with this part of the work.
From a theoretical standpoint, it would appear that a better frequency response characteristic should be obtainable by the use of sound-on-film than by the use of sound-on-disk because the former need not employ to any great extent the use of mechanical vibrating systems with their resulting resonant distortions. It would appear that an inertialess light beam and an aperiodic photo-electric cell should be capable of response to frequencies of higher order of magnitude than the recording stylus and electrical reproducer used in the sound-on-disk method. Laboratory tests seem to substantiate this view but this advantage has been lost in the theater up to the present time because the other elements in the system are not able to handle the frequency range which the sound-on-disk method is capable of producing, to say nothing of the increased frequency range claimed for the sound-on-film. On the other hand, sound-ondisk has the theoretical advantage of more inertia in the moving record and is, therefore, less susceptible to irregularities in record speed.
From the practical operating standpoint there are many advantages to sound-on-film which were apparent from the very beginning. On the other hand, there are many disadvantages which are apparent when pointed out, but which were not appreciated until an attempt was made to use this method commercially. While the practical difficulties which are arising may not be insurmountable, they do give