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48 H. D. HINELINE [J. S. M. P. E.
having only one set of teeth, the purpose presumably being to reduce the danger of injury to the film.
With a given developer formula the amount of development is a function of the speed of travel through the machine and also of the depth of submersion in the solution, the development time at a given speed in feet per second of film being determined by the length of the loops of film submerged in the solution. Patent No. 1,467,106, also issued to DeMoos, discloses an indicator to correlate the depth of submersion of the film and the speed of travel of the film, so that as the depth of submersion increases, the speed of travel may also be proportionately increased.
Not alone do the tanks, and the conveyors therein, of any kind of continuous processing system, take various forms, but the drier systems likewise assume varied shapes. The earlier drying reels for batch processings were quite satisfactory, and it is not surprising that a worker should attempt to adapt the reel to continuous processing. Such a system is shown in Patent No. 1,473,542, issued to Chanier (and another) . The disclosure in this patent is distinctly sketchy, but it shows roughly a pair of reels, one above the other, for the film, which is conveyed thereover in a spiral path, the reels being set with the axes at a slight angle to insure travel of the film. Of course, during the processing of the film, a substantial amount of swelling of the film during immersion and processing occurs in the wet end, and this swelling largely disappears during the drying operation in the drier cabinet, making particularly necessary some means for compensating for the change in length of the film. Patent No. 1,479,453, issued to Carlton, shows a drier with swinging arms at the bottom to adjust the slack and to compensate for the drying shrinkage.
Some workers appear to have had difficulty in the way of losing rollers in the bottom of a processing tank when the film breaks, and have regarded it necessary to provide preventive means. Such a structure is shown in Patent No. 1,495,678, issued to Ybarrondo. This patent discloses chains for carrying the bottom rollers, but appears to be hardly a vital refinement.
When any material is processed from rolls, it is necessary to make flying splices, and this need occurs in the film processing industry as well as in the newspaper printing field (the printer can use paste, but the photographer can not). Patent No. 1,540,831 shows a running splicer for cine" film in which, as a prior reel empties, a bail falls and hits a stapling machine, driving a staple through the end of the leading film