We use Optical Character Recognition (OCR) during our scanning and processing workflow to make the content of each page searchable. You can view the automatically generated text below as well as copy and paste individual pieces of text to quote in your own work.
Text recognition is never 100% accurate. Many parts of the scanned page may not be reflected in the OCR text output, including: images, page layout, certain fonts or handwriting.
478 1939 SPRING CONVENTION [J. S. M. p. E.
nic. Preliminary investigations conducted to derive a television operating technic revealed that both the theater and the motion picture could contribute certain practices.
The problems of lighting, scenic design, background projection, and make-up are discussed, with special emphasis on the difficulties and differences that make television studio practice unique.
An explanation is given of the functioning of a special circuit used in television sound pick-up to aids in the creation of the illusion of close-up and long-shot sound perspective without impracticable amount of microphone movement. The paper concludes with a typical television production routine showing the coordination and timing of personnel and equipment required in producing a television program.
"Methods of Using and CoSrdinating Photoelectric Exposure-Meters at the 20th Century-Fox Studios;" D. B. Clark, Twentieth CenturyFox Studios, Hollywood, Calif.
Consistency in negative printing values is one of the most desirable single factors in modern cinematography. Photoelectric light-measuring devices can help the cinematographer maintain such consistency to a far greater degree than is possible otherwise. Not only tests, but actual production have shown that with the proper use of these instruments, the entire output of the studio's camera staff can be so coordinated that, almost without regard to the photographic conditions prevailing on the set, all negative will print correctly within a range of three or four printerlight adjustments.
To make this coordination possible, several requirements must be recognized. Among these are a dominant, and by no means completely fulfilled demand for photocell meters of unfailing consistency; i. e., meters that are not subject to error from photocell fatigue, changes in humidity or temperature, and the like, and are sufficiently uniform that all the studio's meters may be expected to give uniform readings under any given conditions.
While these requirements are not wholly met in existing meters, it has been found possible to use such meters to advantage. Coordination is effected by use of a special, portable testing unit of the photometer type. In this a standard light-source is used in circuit with a battery and milliammeter, and controlled by a rheostat. When the light is brought to known intensities by the application of known currents, the photocell meter being tested must, if accurate, give predetermined readings.
Further logical developments, predictable on the basis of existing knowledge or equipment, should include complete acceptance of strict time-and-temperature methods of negative development and some form of automatic, photoelectric-cellcontrolled print-timing. This would remove all variables, including human fallibility, from the processing problem, and leave the responsibility for results solely in the hands of the cinematographer, who would in turn be guided by his meter in keeping within the tolerances imposed by film and processing, and in his efforts to turn out consistently ideally exposed negative.