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134 W. H. OFFENHAUSER, JR. 16-Mm Picture Original. —In 16-mm picture original and in all steps where sound does not appear on the film, use double perforated film to avoid laboratory and other handling difficulties. Preparation Rules. — (1) In all cases, use only double perforated leader with doubly perforated film, and single perforated leader with single perforated film. (2) In all cases, splice in the leader with base to emulsion so that the same side of the film is up on the leader, as on the picture proper. (5) In all sound-films without picture, mark the head of the film H and the tail of the film with a T to avoid confusion due to emulsion position. Emulsion Position of Prints. —Prints with "Standard" emulsion position re- sult from: (1) Original 16-mm black-and-white reversal—to— intermediate negative— to—print (the 16-mm sound negative is recorded upon film of A wind- ing). (2) Original 16-mm Kodachrome— to—intermediate black-and-white nega- tive—to—black-and-white print (the 16-mm sound negative is recorded upon film of A winding). (3) Optical reduction from 35-mm negatives. Prints with "Non-Standard" emulsion position result from: (7) Original 16-mm negative—to—print (the 16-mm sound negative is recorded upon film of B winding). (2) Original 16-mm Kodachrome—to—16-mm Kodachrome duplicates (the 16-mm sound negative is recorded upon film of A winding. Sixteen-mm track negative—to—16-mm black-and-white track print—to—Koda- chrome duplicate of sound). A well planned picture takes into account the emulsion position of the release print and how it is to be obtained quite as much as it does the photographic images to be recorded on the film. After the presentation of the above paper at the Convention, a demonstration film, made as described, was projected with an arc projector on an 8 X 12-ft. screen through a sound system of the type described, in order to demonstate the theatrical quality of the sound and picture.