Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers (1930-1949)

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20 CRABTREE, EATON, AND MUEHLER [J. S. M. P. E. changes in the rate of removal of hypo as shown in Table III. These pH effects were further verified when the pH of the exhausted baths was adjusted to the />H value of the fresh bath. (b) Effect of Silver Content on Removal of Silver and Hypo. — As mentioned previously, the concentration of silver in the clear portions of the film is almost as important with respect to permanence as the residual hypo in the film. As is the case with hypo, if the storage 0.14 FRESH AGO EXHAUSTION (FEET 35 mm. FILM PER GAL.) FIG. 3. Effect of exhaustion of fixing bath on hypo and silver content after washing. Eastman Super-XX Panchromatic Negative Film, Type 1232. Fixed in Kodak F-5. Washed 5 minutes at 68°F. pH of fixing bath maintained at 4.1. pH. of fixing bath increased with exhaustion to 5.5. conditions with film or prints are favorable, the silver thiosulfate complexes are not particularly harmful in the absence of hydrogen sulfide in the air. However, if any unfavorable change occurs in these conditions, the complexes decompose to produce a yellow stain of silver sulfide which is proportional in intensity to the quantity of silver retained. A study was therefore made of the effect of the degree of exhaustion, the pH during exhaustion, and the degree of washing on the relative quantities of silver and hypo retained by the film. Unexposed Eastman Motion Picture Super-XJ^ Panchromatic