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6 J. W. McNAlR Vol 43, No. 1
practices, it is no wonder that both picture and sound from a Hollywood-produced 35-mm film will be satisfactory technically when run in any theater on equipment that has been kept in proper adjustment.
It is obvious that such a desirable state of performance was not achieved merely by promulgating a recommended projection frequency characteristic for the theater equipment used; the whole process had to be integrated to make certain that any film would project satisfactorily in any theater. The recommended frequency characteristic was a good starting point for sound in the theater; it was simple and easily applied. The varieties of equipments in use were few; practically all the sound equipment, for example, used highefficiency, horn-type loud-speakers, the technical characteristics of which were well known. If a film projected on such equipment was unsatisfactory in quality, it was the film that was changed to correct the difficulty. Under these circumstances, attempted correction at the wrong point in the system was avoided. Thus, the combination of a good film and good equipment was bound to be productive of a good result.
Unfortunately this happy state of affairs did not prevail when the Armed Forces decided to use 16-mm equipment. The available production capacity for 16-mm films and equipment was relatively small just before the war; the war has accelerated production of these items in pretty much the same manner as it has accelerated radio and other electronic equipment. The standardization job on electronics had to come first; it is used right up in the front line beside weapons. We have had well over 2 years' experience with radio standardization and now it is 16-mm's turn. We hope to be able to benefit in our motion picture standardization from our previous experience in radio standardization and, if possible, use identical component parts with identical stock numbers. In the case of resistors and capacitors, for example, we should be able to do so quite readily as the performance requirements are similar.
And now let me say a few brief words about construction. The beating that military equipment must take if it is to operate successfully at its point of use is widely known. Military equipment is usually transported in carrying cases of the kind indicated in the third (and most recent draft) of the 16-mm projector specification that has just been completed. If you will remember that an enlisted man who picks up a carrying case often does not have the slightest idea as to what is inside, you can well understand why it gets such a