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Nov., 1945 PROCESSING OF 16-MM ANSCO COLOR FILM 319
and still be consistent with good engineering practice. Developing machines of the production type ordinarily are built of a number of individual units, each unit carrying a number of film spools. In designing a developing machine to apply a process having numerous steps, it is customary practice to take the minimum time of film treatment in any one step and let this time be the governing factor in controlling the individual unit size of the machine. For instance, in the Ansco Color process having steps requiring several different treatment times, such as 12 min, 3 min, and 15 min, respectively, the individual unit size is so proportioned that a film treatment time of 3 min is given by one unit. The longer times are accomplished by increasing the number of units per bath to provide the increased time.
Our Ansco Color Film developing machines were designed and built during the war and in designing these machines a number of rather critical production requirements had to be met. The machines had to be designed to provide a rather large capacity in order to turn out the footage required. Slow-moving developing machines, ordinarily used in multistep processes of this kind, could not be considered. Furthermore, during the time of critical labor shortage, every labor hour had to be used conservatively. It has been our experience that it does not require more labor to operate a developing machine with fairly high capacity than it does to operate a small one.
The machine had to handle double-perforated (silent) film, sound film, and unperf orated film. It could not place any undue strain on the film which might present a breakage hazard. Most of the films to be handled on these machines were important originals and could not be retaken in case of damage. Furthermore, it was a requirement that the machines be able to handle damaged film. Some of the films exposed in field operation are exposed under very unfavorable conditions which might result in damaged film. In such cases, all possible footage must be salvaged.
In order to meet these requirements, a sprocketless type of machine was decided upon and because of our experience with bottomdrive developing machines, a bottom-drive mechanism was used. Rollers which carry the film by the extreme edges were used throughout the machine in order to eliminate the possibility of friction marks on the sound track area. Hard-rubber rollers were found to be entirely satisfactory. The usual commercial hard-rubber film rollers, however, caused friction marks on the back of the film and, therefore, especially designed rollers were used. These were procured un