We use Optical Character Recognition (OCR) during our scanning and processing workflow to make the content of each page searchable. You can view the automatically generated text below as well as copy and paste individual pieces of text to quote in your own work.
Text recognition is never 100% accurate. Many parts of the scanned page may not be reflected in the OCR text output, including: images, page layout, certain fonts or handwriting.
2 REPORT OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE Vol 47, No. 1
lories" (Z52.14-1944), it did spend some time preparing a new standard for 16-Mm Sound Splices, Z52.20. But that is getting ahead of the story.
Splices in Release Prints. — We must remember that splices have a number of functions ; one of the most talked about is that of repairing a torn film. If a film becomes torn in use, it is either worn out, or it has been subjected to carelessness in handling or run on a poor machine. Despite the proverbially poor operating condition of 16-mm machines, film damage seems surprisingly low for the amount of film projected if one judges by the insurance rates in force in most circulating film libraries. Possibly repair can be considered one of the lesser functions of a splice. Repair splices are customarily made by the film user; less frequently by a circulating library.
A new print — one just out of the laboratory — starts its life with a minimum of 2 splices — one that attaches the head leader to the print and the other that attaches the tail leader to the print. Most prints have at least one more splice per 400-ft roll; this one additional splice was permitted in American War Standard Z52.3. There was much discussion about this extra splice. Those in favor of it felt that film life was not seriously reduced thereby and that the life disadvantage was more than offset, as the "short ends" accumulated in printing would be better utilized. (Short ends accumulate when the film to be printed is an odd length, not a multiple of 400 ft, the unit length for film supplied as raw stock.) By the way, it is well to remember at this point that most 16-mm films used during the war by the Services were not run to the wear-out point.
A new print obtained from a laboratory today may contain more than the number of splices just mentioned; poor grade prints are likely to have many more. It should be noted that an unspliced print will normally show an appreciably longer life than a spliced print particularly on machines with sharp bends in the film path. An unspliced print will avoid that distressing phenomenon known as the splice jump which occurs when a splice passes through the projector movement. For practical purposes, a print may be considered optional with respect to splices when sufficient film is provided on the head end and on the tail end of the picture proper to permit replacement of the leaders some 5 or 6 times — and when the print has no splices within the picture proper.
All through this discussion of splices in release prints, we have assumed that the picture proper will appear as a positive ; negative