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Three Proposed American Standards
PROPOSED American Standards for cutting and perforating J_ 32-mm film appear on the following pages. They have been developed by a subcommittee on film dimensions, of the SMPE Standards Committee.
Film of this type has been used since 1934 although there never has been a formal standard. During the intervening years a number of changes have been made in the dimensions. Debrie, who was the originator of this film, was aware that the slitting of the 32-mm film into two 16-mm widths might be inaccurate. This inaccuracy would make one half wider than the other half, and might cause trouble since the wide half might stick in the projector gate. Therefore, he made the original French film narrower than twice the width of 16mm film. The first French film was about 1.252 inches in width. Manufacturers in this country made film of this width for some time but later widened it to 1.257 inches, an increase of 0.005 inch.
It appears that there have been four or five slightly different styles of perforating in use at various times. The values currently adopted for the width of the film and for the transverse pitch of the perforations are believed to be acceptable to all manufacturers. The differences between the present standards and the earlier dimensions are so slight, it is doubtful that the users can perceive them. The dimensions of the perforation, the longitudinal pitch, and the like, are the same as that of the current 16-mm film and the dimensioning of the drawing is in keeping with those standards (Z22.5-1947 and Z22.121947).
It will be noticed that the new standards include one for 35-mm film with 32-mm perforations . The reason for the existence of this film is that' it can be processed on 35-mm sprocketless developing machines with consequent saving in equipment. This film is commonly used for sound recording and reduction negatives. The negative thus made is printed in the usual fashion. In general, this 32 on 35-mm film is not used for release purposes. However, the fact that people other than manufacturers can perforate 35-mm film in this way has led to some concern. If 35-mm nitrate film were to be perforated with 32-mm perforations, it might later be slit to 16-mm size and be used in projection equipment. Therefore, the standard includes a proviso, "This film should not be made on nitrate base because if this FEBRUARY, 1949 JOURNAL OF THE SMPE VOLUME 52 223