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322 McCoY AND WARNER October
picture theaters. These programs are photographed outside the theater by regular television cameras; transmitted to the exhibiting theater by television techniques over microwave radio relays, coaxial cables, or telephone wires; and received in the exhibiting theater by television receiving equipment. In the United States, two systems of theater television equipment have been developed for installation in the exhibiting theater for the purpose of projecting the television program as received in the theater to the screen: the direct-projection system and the intermediate-film system.
At the outset, theater television must be distinguished from television broadcasting or "home television." A television broadcast station, as contemplated by the Communications Act and as denned by the rules of the Federal Communications Commission, means, "a broadcast station utilizing both television and telephony to provide combination and simultaneous visual and aural programs intended to be received directly by the general public" In other words, television broadcast stations licensed by the FCC are intended to transmit television programs to the public generally, primarily for reception in the home. Theater television does not come within this definition because its programs are beamed directly by means of closed-circuit coaxial cables or wires or by directional microwave relays to the exhibiting theater, and they are not intended to be received by the general public.
II. THEATER TELEVISION HISTORY
Large-screen projection television is nearly as old as the direct-view television that predominates in home television reception. In the year 1930, only two years after the Federal Radio Commission authorized the first experimental television broadcast stations, television on a 6by 8-foot screen was shown by the Radio Corporation of America at RKO-Proctor's 58th Street Theater in New York City. Large-screen theater television on 15 by 18-foot screens was exhibited in London, England, in 1939, and by the end of that year five theaters were equipped for theater television. In 1941, a Madison Square Garden prize fight and a Brooklyn Dodgers baseball -game were demonstrated to the public .on a 15 by 20-foot screen in the New Yorker Theater by RCA. The onset of the war interrupted the further development and the commercialization of theater television both in England and in the United States.
During the general frequency allocation hearings held before the