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A 16Mm Rapid Film Processor
BY J. S. HALL AND A. MAYER
GENERAL PRECISION LABORATORY INC., PLEASANTVILLE, N.Y.
AND G. MASLACH
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY, CALIF.
SUMMARY: The proven practicability of spray processing, coupled with the availability of acetate film bases which will withstand fairly high processing temperatures, enables construction of compact continuous processing equipment for operation at synchronous speed of cameras and projectors. The theory and construction of an experimental equipment are described. Significant performance features are studio print quality, continuous automatic operation and convenient control of process variables. Auxiliary equipment permits reel-to-reel, camera-to-projector or camera-to-reel processing. Possible applications are television network service hi connection with video recording, motion picture theaters, laboratory processing of small film batches, and motion picture studio monitoring of critical takes.
ALTHOUGH PRODUCTION of release prints in 16-mm size has increased considerably in the past few years, very few users of 16mm film have been able to maintain complete processing facilities for preparing their own prints immediately after photography. Recent developments in film bases and emulsions now enable construction of compact high-temperature, continuous processing equipment for this purpose.
Continuous film processors operate on fundamentally the same principle, regardless of their size or their speed of operation. The film travels at a steady rate through a series of processing chambers, where it is developed, rinsed, fixed, washed and dried in accordance with a definite time cycle. Time allotments in the wet stages of the cycle are determined largely by solution strengths and temperatures. In the drying stage, the time allotment is determined by the film water content and -by the effectiveness of the drying method. The sum of the separate time allotments is the total processing time. The internal film path is sufficiently long to allow completion of the processing cycle while the film travels through the machine at a predetermined rate.
The physical form of a processor is, however, subject to wide variations, depending on the operating condition for which the particular processor is designed. Commercial bulk film processors are designed for high production quotas, involving film travel rates of at least
PRESENTED: April 25, 1950, at the SMPTE Convention in Chicago.
JULY 1950 JOURNAL OF THE SMPTE VOLUME 55 27