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30 HALL, MAYER AND MASLACH July
The rapid film processor which will be described is an experimental model. It was constructed primarily for evaluation of space requirements, control features, and film receiving and discharge methods. The flow rates, pressures and temperatures employed in this unit are based on those used in a 35-mm pilot unit which was built by Eastman Kodak Co., under the direction of C. E. Ives and C. J. Kunz (see pp. 3-26 of this issue of the JOURNAL). Controls, indicators and measuring devices have been planned to permit further experimental studies. Simplification of controls will be necessary and desirable for commercial production.
The experimental processor stands 5 ft high, 21/z ft deep, and 3 ft wide, exclusive of side film storage compartments. It produces finished film, ready for projection, in 40 sec from the start of processing. Print quality is comparable to that obtained in larger machines operating on a much longer processing cycle. The film is thoroughly washed and fixed, and has a sufficiently low hypo content for longterm or archival storage.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Front and rear views of the processor are shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The film is carried on reels in storage compartments in the side covers. Exposed film from the right storage compartment is processed as it passes through the console, and is taken up as finished film on a take-up reel in the left storage compartment. With different film routing through the storage compartments, film can be received from a camera film tunnel, or can be delivered directly to a projector. Switches are provided to control a camera and projector, starting or stopping them simultaneously with the processor film drive.
The film travels on spools through the three processing tanks shown in Fig. 3. Spray processing is used in all three tanks to avoid directional effects encountered in dip processing. These effects are caused by diffusion of development products from exposed film areas onto adjacent film areas that have had different exposure. With spray processing, a uniform solution concentration is delivered to all film areas, and development products are continuously removed. The solution penetrates deeply into the film emulsion. The exposed film passes first through the developing tank, then through the rinse and wash tank to the fix tank. The film then returns to the rinse and wash tank, from where it travels upward through the air squeegee into the drying chamber.
The air squeegee, in effect, scrubs the film with a stream of preheated air, bodily removing surface water. The film leaving the air