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78 CRANDELL, FREUND AND MOEN July
6. Balanced Printing. This again calls for accurate control of the color of the illuminant (especially in the case of multi-layer materials) . Tolerances should be held as closely as on the set, which means photoelectric measurement.
7. Positive Processing. This has also been covered. If previous steps have been held within desirable tolerances, this step should offer less difficulty than at present.
8. Projection Light. The light reaching the screen should be reasonably white, uniform in color over the screen, and uniform in color when making a change-over.
9. Projection Screen. Should be reasonably nonselective. Photoelectric control is useful to check the combined performance of light source and screen.
10. Normal Observer. If the observer is color blind, there is nothing we can do about it. We can, however, be reasonably sure that the responsible personnel working with color have normal color vision, since the unsuspected presence of an individual with some form of color blindness can cause much waste and confusion.
So much for the steps in production at which control may be exercised. We have purposely curtailed this section somewhat, because we feel that more importance attaches to a proposal which we shall make for a new system of measuring and specifying the color balance of illuminants instead of the Kelvin color temperature scale. After all, an adequate system of measurement and description is the essential first step toward better control, so all of this is extremely pertinent to the general subject of the paper.
Dissatisfaction with the term " color temperature" and all that it stands for is not precisely new, but it has recently become insistent. Nickerson4 said, in a paper at the last meeting of the Society:
"The specification of the color of sources in terms of color temperature without an understanding of the limited meaning of the term has caused much confusion in color thinking as it concerns the illuminant . . . For any real understanding of color processes, whether visual or photographic, it is necessary to take into consideration the more exacting specification of spectral distribution. Thus, while illuminants in this report are often referred to in terms of the colortemperature scale, it should be remembered that it is not their color but only their spectral characteristics that will tell whether they are suitable for use with a given film, or to produce a specified result."
Evans5 says, in his invaluable book: "The usage of the term is exceedingly confusing and it appears inevitable that sooner or later a new terminology will appear."