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470 JENNINGS, STANTON AND WEISS November
After the film has been exposed in the printer, it is developed in a color developer. Here a silver image is developed in each layer, and concurrently the final dye images are also generated. Following a wash, the film passes to the first fixer, where all silver halide not used in the primary image is dissolved. The next treatment is a bleach which converts the silver image to silver ferrocyanide, which is dissolved by the second fixer. If the sound track is to be sulfided, this may be done following the bleach, before the second fix. Water washes are necessary between chemical treatments to avoid excessive contamination of one solution with another, which might lead to shortened solution life and the possibility of stain on the film. As with other films, a final wash is used to remove all processing chemicals from the emulsions. Drying is accomplished in the usual manner.
The processing times given in Table I are based on 70 F solution temperatures. While the temperature of the developer should be held quite constant ( =*=}/£ deg) for uniform results, temperature control is not particularly critical in the subsequent steps, since the reaction in each treatment is to be carried to completion.
Temperatures other than 70 F may be used if more convenient. Higher temperatures lead to shorter processing times, and may be very desirable in cases where machine capacity is limited. Type 275 has been processed successfully with all solutions at 90 F or above, without the need for special hardening treatments.
The times listed in Table I for processing steps beginning with the first wash have been selected as the minimum, in the interest of developing-machine compactness. Additional treatment time is permissible if machine capacity is available, and would provide a wider safety factor to assure complete reaction.
Processing Solutions
Table II gives formulas of solutions for processing.
The developer formula given in Table II should be considered approximate, and may vary for individual processing machines, depending upon conditions of agitation, etc. The reason for this is evident from a consideration of the complex structure of the film. It is obvious that the three emulsion layers do not have the same accessibility to developer, image formation naturally progressing more rapidly in the upper layers, which the developer reaches first. Thus, proper contrast balance to give a gray-scale is achieved only under a restricted range of processing conditions. Over-all contrast cannot be altered significantly by a simple change of development time as in black-and-white film, because a departure from the proper developing