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510 T. M. C. LANCE November
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demonstrated here in Milan, to describe some of the improvements made since last year and to consider future work for the extension of these improvements.
Reception Requirements
The first essential requirement for the projector was to be able to receive either programs of national or sporting interest through the B.B.C. Television Service, or supporting or similar programs over the cinema organizations' private circuits.
While the Television Advisory Committee has laid down that in England the standards of transmission for the broadcast television service will remain fixed for a number of years, the standards selected for the cinema's own circuits are at present their own concern. The opportunity will, therefore, be taken to increase the number of lines and the bandwidth in order to reduce the cause of the major criticism of large screen projection.
The dual transmission necessitated the receiver operating first on the 405-line, 2/1-interlace standard transmitted from Alexandra Palace in North London on 45 megacycles/sec, and alternatively on the 625-line 2/1-interlace standard transmitted from the Crystal Palace in South London on 480 megacycles/sec.
We have approached this problem in two ways. Firstly, the receiver has been designed to receive the 480 megacycles/sec as a superheterodyne having an intermediate frequency of 45 megacycles/sec, which can be brought into operation as a straight receiver by changing aerial inputs when program sources are changed. Such cinemas would be fitted with a double aerial system. In this system the choice of program is the responsibility of the individual cinema exhibitor.
Short-Wave Relay System
The second and more interesting proposal is to receive the B.B.C. program from the Alexandra Palace at a conveniently placed relaying station and retransmit both programs to the cinemas over the 480megacycles/sec circuit. This may prove a solution to the problem of interference from automobiles, electric signs and machinery in the West End theater district, because on the higher frequency a better signal-to-noise ratio may be expected through the use of directional aerial systems, particularly if at a later date a higher frequency is allocated to this new service.
This second system has the great advantage of bringing the whole television circuit under the control of one program director, so that