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N, Image 3/4 way out to spectator 4
3.5 Image 2/3 way out to spectator 3 2.5 Image 1/2 way out to spectator 2 1.5
Image at plane of screen 1
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/ 0.5 / /
Image at «, / Q
B B-0 B = 0 B=0 B-f
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/ J
D = 0/ N>0/
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I
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1 1 |
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/Xr>=o
I^N=0
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/tan
c/t
Region of negative fi D and N values /J 1 ' '
(High C value) •« A£ — (Medium C value
, Ar
/ D > 0 (Distances in reciprocal units) 1 N = 0
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le)
(Low C vah
Fig. 3. The three types of stereoscopic transmission system: #+, 5 = 0 and B — .
be that a point situated at infinity in the scene will appear at some nearer distance in the cinema. All examples of stereoscopic transmission (in other words, all
Class
B = 0 B+
B
instances of 3-D recording and reproduction) must fall into one of these three classes, whose main characteristics may be exhibited thus:
Name Characteristic
Ortho-infinite Linear; infinity points correctly represented.
Hyper-infinite Nonlinear ; objects short of infinity represented at
infinity. Hypo-infinite Nonlinear; objects at infinity represented closer
than infinity; cardboarding.
In the example of a B — system shown in Fig. 3, it will be noticed that infinity (i.e. D = 0) will appear on the screen plane, that is, at N\. This will occur, for example, if a shot of distant objects is taken with the camera axes parallel (<p = 0), and projected with the projector axes toed-in so that the parallax of the aper
ture centerlines is zero (ZCL = 0). This frequently happens with amateur projection of stereoscopic stills and movies.
In short, the B factor can be varied at three stages in the production process, either angularly or by displacement, as follows :
Spottiswoode, Spottiswoode and Smith: 3-D Photography
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