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b. F. Pockels, Lehrbuch der Kristalloptik, B. G. Teubner, Leipzig, 1906.
Bibliography
Bruce H. Billings, "The electro-optic effect in uniaxial crystals of the type XH2PC>4. I. Theoretical," J. Opt. Soc. Am., 39: 797-801, Oct., 1949. Ibid, "II. Experimental," 802-808.
Robert O'B. Carpenter, "The electrooptic effect in uniaxial crystals of the dihydrogen phosphate type," J. Opt. Soc. Am., 40: 225-229, Apr. 1950.
Discussion
John G. Frayne (Westrex Corp., and Chairman of the Session) : Is there any problem in the application of bias for noise reduction purposes?
Mr. Dressier: This modulator will not work with conventional noise-reduction equipment but noise reduction is possible with special equipment designed for the crystal characteristics. No noise reduction is included with this system at the present time.
Dr. Frayne: What is the signal-to-noise ratio on the film with this device?
Mr. Dressier: I would guess in the neighborhood of 25 to 30 decibels.
George Lewin (Signal Corps Photographic Center) : Can you take a picture of a subject through this device and use this principle as an instantaneous shutter.
Mr. Dressier: I think scientifically the answer is yes. In fact, pictures have been taken using crystals of this type. The problem, however, is the narrow angular field. The crystals we are using now are 35 mils thick — this gives a 5° angular field of view. In photographic work, a wider field of view is generally required. This crystal is suited for use as a shutter with optical systems where you can control the light path so as to work with a nearly collimated light beam. When using a crystal of this type for photography, the object to be photographed is put a long way off so as to restrict the angular field. In general, the structure as we have it here is not suitable for picture taking.
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March 1953 Journal of the SMPTE Vol. 60