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Addendum to Progress Committee Report: Developments in Germany
By GEORGE R. GROVES, Committee Chairman
J. HE MOST significant developments in the motion-picture industry in Germany during 1952 were concerned with the manufacture of equipments rather than with new production techniques. In the manufacture of motion-picture cameras, many well-known firms newly reconstructed after the difficult post-war period were again able to show satisfactory delivery schedules. While, in general, no fundamentally new departures in technical equipment appeared on the market and most firms restricted themselves to the production of standard equipments manufactured with the highest precision, there did appear on the market a number of new cameras for 8mm, 16mm and high-speed photography.
8mm
In the spring of 1952, Zeiss-Ikon brought out a notable new camera for double-8mm film. This instrument features a radical departure from the usual construction in that both film spools are set with their axes parallel to the axis of the objective. The flatter and broader camera shape which results facilitates freehand shooting.1
This addendum to the report published in the May Journal has been prepared from material submitted in German by Committee Member Leo Busch.
16mm
Considerable effort was expended in the 16mm field to achieve wider industrial use of this type of film. The new Arriflex 16mm camera made by the firm of Arnold & Richter (Fig. 1) was introduced. It is a single-opening, mirror-reflex camera on the principle of the 35mm Arriflex with a turret head holding three divergent lenses. It can accommodate either 30-m daylight-loading film reels or magazines with 120-m reels. It has a mirror reflex viewfinder, free from parallax, on which the image is enlarged approximately ten times. The minimum focal length with the wideangle lens is 11.5 mm. The lens mounts correspond in size and adjustment to those used by the 35mm Arriflex so that the lenses are interchangeable between the two cameras. The camera aperture is 180°. Exclusive of the magazine, the camera weighs a little over 3 kg.
A number of special 16mm .film theaters were established and several well constructed 16mm theater projectors appeared on the market. Among these may be mentioned the new Siemens projector2 and the Leitz 16mm theater projector.3 Mention should also be made of a new 16mm film projector put out by Lytax which deviates from the usual design by having the reels placed in a horizontal plane, as illustrated in Fig. 2.
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June 1953 Journal of the SMPTE Vol. 60