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Processing 16mm Color Film With a Silver Sound Track
By JOHN FRITZEN
A description is given of the approach and final solution to the development of a silver sound track on 16mm Cinecolor for use with the lead sulfide photocell.
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ITH THE ADVENT of the development of the lead sulfide photoresistive cell for use in sound film projectors, the need for a sound track opaque to the far infrared arose. 1-2-3 This cell has excellent sound reproduction characteristics for use in the 16mm field and has been adopted in one of the JAN 16mm projectors. As described in the literature, the cell has the greatest portion of its response in the region from 1.0 to 3.0 ^, as contrasted to the normal photoemissive cell, which is sensitive from 0.5 to 1.0 M The silver sound track has been found eminently satisfactory for use in this application and became the object of our search. As has been described earlier, the Cinecolor process normally uses a toned track for projection with photoemissive cells.4 This track is transparent in the area of maximum sensitivity of the lead sulfide cell. Much of the Cinecolor two-color release was reduced to 16mm for the military services, to be used on the JAN
Presented on April 30, 1953, at the Society's Convention at Los Angeles by John Fritzen, Cinecolor Corp., 2800 W. Olive Ave., Burbank, Calif. (This paper was received on April 6, 1953.)
projectors, hence this release had to be with a silver sound track.
The problem resolved itself into several parts. First, to determine the order of film processing: the fixing, toning and dyeing stages are set. Second, a means to obtain a track of adequate density and gamma characteristics: the Cinecolor process normally requires the film to be developed to a relatively low blackand-white gamma since the dye and toning steps will give a sufficient conversion factor to obtain the desired screen effect. This consideration would normally indicate a drastic change in the sound negative, which is not feasible due to printing problems and the characteristics of the sound negative development. As a part of the investigation consideration was given to the application and subsequent removal of resists. The handling, necessary precision of application, and removal difficulties precluded their use in the present solution for a two-color system. Similarly, an investigation was made into the possible redevelopment or intensification of the toned or dye mordanted sound track. This was also rejected due to the inherent limitation of
June 1953 Journal of the SMPTE Vol. 60