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4. J. E. Bates and I. V. Runyan, "Processing control procedures for Ansco Color Film," Jour. SMPE, 53: pp. 3-24, July 1949.
5. H. W. Reddick and F. H. Miller, Advanced Mathematics for Engineers, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 2d ed., 1947; pp. 1-36.
Discussion
J. I. Crabtree (Kodak Research Laboratories): It isn't quite clear how you calculate the amount of developing agent in the replenisher necessary to overcome the restraining action of the bromide, iodide, hydroquinone sulfonates, etc., in the exhausted developer. Secondly, how closely are your calculations correlated with practice?
Mr. Goldwasser: Gamma and density values in a seasoned solution often differ from those of the original solution because of the restraining action of products formed in development, even though the routine chemical analysis may show no difference. One way of counterbalancing the restraining effect of these products is to change the basic formula of the processing solution, for example, by raising the concentration of the developing agent
(which Mr. Crabtree suggests) or by lowering the level of the bromide or iodide content. Another approach is to increase the replenishment rate above that calculated from Eq. 13 in order to hold down the concentration of these substances. I doubt whether the adjustment Mr. Crabtree speaks of can be calculated, unless it were readily possible to measure concentration values, reaction rate values, and sensitometric effects of each of the restraining products. It seems better to handle such second-order and third-order effects in an empirical manner. One can expect mathematics to bring one within the range of the optimum replenishment conditions; one cannot expect such an approach to make it possible to dispense with experimentation, sensitometric control or chemical control.
To answer the second question, experimental work is still in progress; results are not yet available.
Mr. Crabtree: That is the trouble in photography. There are so many factors involved that you cannot predict anything, precisely. The only answer is to "try it." It takes many, many years before you realize that fact.
Goldwasser: Mathematical Replenishment Techniques
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