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criterion, and the relative performance of various jets seems to be pictured adequately by the phosphor-temperature patterns. Because the present semiquantitative method does not show the level of cooling — except relatively — it is still necessary to examine the best design or the several best designs in actual film projection as final confirmation of their practical value.
From the work herein outlined it seems that the temperature-sensitive phosphors can be of real assistance in the design of projection equipment for increased screen illumination by illustrating graphically some of the design problems and shortening the engineering appraisal. It seems very likely that the method will prove equally advantageous for the engineering approach to other heat-transfer problems.
Conclusions
The temperature-sensitive phosphor method of determining temperature distribution has become a tool of great engineering use, especially when the circumstances permit a ready control of its variables. Applied to the design of air jets for cooling motion-picture film it makes visible much that would long be obscure, and it shortens the job of designing jets tailored to their environment. For those interested in obtaining maximum screen-light output for projection systems, this design method has much to offer.
Acknowledgments
The authors express their appreciation to C. J. Staud and C. R. Fordyce for continuing guidance from the very beginning of this problem, and to J. B. Hale for suggesting the method of solution. In addition many colleagues from the Eastman Kodak Co. have given great assistance — especially R. S. Battey and P. H. Preo who carried on the investigation of nozzle designs, D. R. Eastman who prepared the phosphor coatings, and N. R. Nail who assisted in devising suitable equipment.
References
1. F. J. Kolb, Jr., "Air cooling of motion picture film for higher screen illumination," Jour. SMPE, 53: 635-664, Dec. 1949.
2. N. R. Nail, D. Pearlman and F. Urbach, Photoluminescence of Some Sulfide Phosphors as a Function of Intensity, Cornell Symposium on Luminescent Materials. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1946.
3. N. R. Nail, F. Urbach and D. Pearlman, "New observations on superlinear luminescence," J. Opt. Soc. Am., 39: 690-694, Aug. 1949.
4. F. Urbach, "Thermographv," Phot. J., 90B: 109-114, JulyAug. 1950.
5. F. Urbach, N. R. Nail and D. Pearlman, "The observation of temperature distributions and of thermal radiation by means of nonlinear phosphors," J. Opt. Soc. Am., 39: 10111019, Dec. 1949.
6. F. Urbach, A. Urbach and M. Schwartz, "The brightness of apparent fluorescence as a function of the exciting intensities," J. Opt. Soc. Am.,37:\22, Feb. 1947.
7. U.S. Patent No. 2,551,650, May 8, 1951 :| "Measurement of Temperature Distribution on Surfaces of Solid Bodies."
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May 1954 Journal of the SMPTE Vol. 62