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46 MOTION-PICTURE JURISDICTIONAL DISPUTES
this one,'' and let their orders in the diffei-ent sitn:\tions be final. Why couldn't somethino; like that have been done and save this whole, terrible strike situation?
Mr. Mannix. Well, I think. Mr. McCann, what you say would work out : but I think the international laws give to the local unions the control of and jurisdiction over work. So, that wouldn't fit in very well.
Mr. McCann. It appears these internationals don't have much control over their locals, and the A. F. of L. doesn't have much control over the international. The international can thumb its nose at the A. F. of L.
Mr, Mannix. From hearsay I hear that, too.
Mr. McCann. All of these organizations belong to the A. F. of L., apparently.
Mr. Mannix, That is right.
Mr. McCann. And yet the A. F. of L. hasn't the intestinal fortitude nor the brains to solve its own family problems. What is wrong then ?
Mr. Mannix. I think the set-up of the A. F. of L., from my little knowledge of it, may be the cause. I think the international president has no authority over autonomous unions.
Mr. McCann. Isn't there something wrong with the whole union structure if they can't take care of an emergency, such as this?
Mr. Mannix. I am not qualified to answer. It looks that way to me.
Mr. McCann. I am trying to find out if you have something to help us work this out with.
Mr. Mannix. If we could sit down around a table, I could talk more f reel}^ I am a little harassed here with this audience.
Mr. McCann. You shouldn't be so temperamental. I understand you can run a studio. Let's see if you can help Congress.
Mr. Mannix. I would like to help you. I will try to answer any question you will ask me.
Mr. McCann. Mr. Chairman, have you any questions to ask Mr. Mannix ?
Mr. Kearns. Mr. Mannix, you sa}' you employ a man for every man who has been let out. I presume you are speaking of the carpenters in this case?
Mr. Mannix. That is right.
Mr. Kearns. They are on strike. Do you mean to tell me the men you emploA^ are as good as the men who walked out in the particular Avork they are to do?
Mr. Mannix. Well, the men that were in had a much greater advantage, because they knew our business. We had to bring in new men — new men were sent to us. They are learning the business. I mean, if they are a mechanic, it is just a question of adapting themselves to the particular work they are doing. To measure the merit of one man against another is a pretty difficult thing to do.
Mr. Kearns. Let us get this straight for the record now. Every man you hired to take a carpenter's place was a skilled mechanic, and all you have to do is to train him to do the work that you want done in your studio; is that correct?
Mr. Mannix. I think that most of the men that are furnished us are carpenters, doing carpenter work, Mr. Congressman. I don't know Avhether they are members of tlie brotherhood, but they are carpenters.