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MOTION-PICTURE JURISDICTIONAL DISPUTES 1099 Mr. Rathvon. I had great confidence in his judgment, and within the policies which were hiid down for him, I felt that he would move with great care and intelligence. Mr. McCann. Mr. Chairman, those are all the questions at this time. Mr. Kearns. ^Ir. Gwinn of New York has some questions to ask Mr. Rathvon. Mr. (iwixx. Mr. Rathvon, I am interested in this jurisdictional trouble in your Hollywood case because we are examining the same kind of monopolistic jurisdictional difficulties in the building trades. I am interested to know the technique by which these pressures are made by the unions to bring about decisions in favor of one or the other. Now, I take it that all of the carpenters in Hollywood were approxi- mately 100 percent organized; is that right 'i Mr. Rath VOX". That is right. Mr. Gwixx. Thei'e was no place for you to turn for carpenters except to the carpenters' union ? Mr. Rath VOX". Well, men skilled in carpentry were on opposite sides of the fence in the two unions—the carpenters' union and the set erectors' union. Mr. GwiNX. Yes; I understand; but what I am trying to get at is whether or not you had any free choice as to where you should go for carpenters? Mr. Ratiivox"^. You mean in what event, sir? Mr. Gwix'X'. In the event the carpenters should strike. Mr. Rathvox". If the carpenters should strike, we would be left without carpenters on the work the carpenters had performed. Mr. Gwix^N. I understand in connection with the questions Mr. McCann was putting to you that after the three-man arbitration board had decided that the stage employees' union would do certain work, which included carpentry, and by the same decision the car- penters were excluded from it—involving something like 350 car- penters—that that is when your trouble started; is that correct? Mr. Rathvon. That is not correct, sir. Our troubles had started long, long before that. That was just one incident. It was one of a series of dilemmas in which we were placed by the maneuvers of these two sides. Mr. Gwinn. I understand you were put in a position, after the three-man arbitrating court decided what to do in allocating all this work, of having to make your own arrangements so as to conform to that decision: is that correct? Mr. Rathvon. Yes, sir. If we were going to keep our studios open, we had to go one way or the other. The decree, if I may call it such, the decision of these three arbitrators as it had been originally handed down to us was the line which we were to follow. There was no conflict on that except by the carpenters, since they had pre- viously agreed to stand by the decision of the board until the clarifica- tion came along. Mr. Gwixx. I understand that after a gieat deal of deliberation and conference, everybody concerned, the studios, the stagehands union, or the stage union—I cannot remember those five letters—lATSE, and the carpenters, agreed to be bound by that decree of the three-man arbitration board.