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1244 MOTION-PICTURE JURISDICTIONAL DISPUTES Mr. SoRRELL. He said we had a "no-strike" pledge in our agreement, which is not so. Show it to me. I want to look at it. Mr. Owens. Well, that is his statement. Mr. SoKRELL. Of course, that is what I want to straighten you out on here. We do not want to strike in wartime any more than anybody else. Mr. Owens. I don't think he was talking about the "no-strike" pledge. I think he was talking about the fact that all the unions, inf erentially through the leadership of the A. F. of L. and CIO agreed there would be no strike during wartime in their unions. I believe that is what he was referring to. Mr. Sorrell. I do not think there should have been, except that in the case where your union is gradually being frozen out you have to fight. If I am going to lose it, I am going to lose it fighting. I do not figure to sit down and let them walk away with it in their pocket. When they get through with me they are going to have a fight. Mr. Owens. I will not argue with you on that. Mr. Sorrell,. Now, the 1945 strike was settled by the directive made at Cincinnati by my international president, and others. Mr. Owens. That was in October 1945 ? Mr. Sorrell. That is right. Immediately the producers violated the directive in 1945. I think within 2 weeks they began to bring back the undesirable office workers. Pretty soon they had swarmed in. That was a violation, but we did not make a fight over that, be- cause- Mr. Owens. I did not quite get that. What did the office workers have to do with the union ? Mr. Sorrell. The office workers were on strike, but nonunion office workers were hired, or people who deserted the ranks and went back to work in 1945. Mr. Owens. You mean there were certain unions mentioned in that directive. Was there any violation with respect to those unions ? Mr. SoRREU.. The directive, I believe, mentions those affiliated with the painters, those affiliated with the carpenters, those affiliated with the lAM, and so forth. At that time, the office workers were affiliated with the painters. I organized them, I helped to organize them. We gave them a charter in the painters organization until such time as an international was set up for office workers. My boss—I called him my boss; my international president^n- sisted on delivering these people to the office workers' organization. So the fact that they violated the agreement temporarily did not have too bad an effect on us. The next violation of that was when suddenly 20 or 25 former undesirable people were brought in and put to work as machinists. Mr. Oavens. They were union people ? Mr. Sorrell. Well, any strikebreaker can join a union, if he joins another union. They had joined another union. Mr. Owens. You certainly would not call a member of another A. F. of L. union a strikebreaker, would you? Mr. Sorrell. I certainly would, if he broke strike. It does not matter to me whether he belongs to a union or not. There are many