Living pictures; their history, photoproduction and practical working. With a digest of British patents and annotated bibliography (1899)

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DIA GUAM ILL USIONS. 35 Fig. 35- released fly over quickly by reason of their spring con- nection with the central rotating shaft. Though the inventor designed this apparatus as capable of rapid action, it is not, in fact, so employed. It may be seen frequently, working slowly, as a kind of revolving album in photographers' windows. When a large number of leaves are used, apparatus of this character naturally takes the form of a book in which the bent-back leaves bearing the series of designs are presented to the eye in rapid succession by their escape from under a slowly drawn-back thumb. The first suggestion of this kind appears to be due to Linnett, who, in 1868, patented his Kineograph (Fig. 35). He also suggested the use of mechanical appliances for turning over the leaves, but showed no such arrange- ment. The book idea (patented again in 1886) had a considerable revival of popularity in 1897 (in which year another patent was granted for an apparently similar device) under the title of the Pocket Kinetoscope, half-tone photographs being employed instead of drawings. Book-form apparatus have also been brought out in France by M. Watilliaux under the name of Folioscope, A kind of clip was patented in 1896 (No. 20,136) as a substitute for the thumb, and as a means of providing more regular action. * * * A suggestion by Casler provides for the cards being mounted radially on a wooden holder