Living pictures; their history, photoproduction and practical working. With a digest of British patents and annotated bibliography (1899)

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60 LIVING PICTURES. F\G. 63. and a glance at Fig. 63 will explain the methods employed. It will be understood that the back cover is removed in order to show the parts. On pressing the trigger a circular shutter with one opening commenced revolving at a predetermined rate. Behind this a disc (half of which is shown in the drawing) with twelve openings also revolved, the sensitised plate lying behind it and rotating with it by friction. This disc, together with the sensitised sur- face, was rotated by means of a pawl (shown at the bottom left- hand) on an arm worked by an eccentric, and every time one of the twelve openings, backed by a portion of the sensitised plate, came to rest opposite the lens- aperture the hole in the shutter passed in front of it, admitting light and making an exposure. It will be understood that during its movement the sensitised plate was protected by the opaque part of the revolving shutter. Marey used this instrument in order to obtain some extremely effective photographs of birds in flight; nevertheless, the apparatus was far from perfect. The defect of this instrument was that twelve images in very few cases gave a complete cycle of movement; when the last picture of the set (say of a bird in flight) was reached, the bird had not arrived at that stage when the wings occupied nearly the same position as in the first picture. But still Marey adhered to the plan of using one lens for making successive exposures, and his later improvements followed out that principle. In 1892 Demeny showed a similar but much improved apparatus at the International Exhibition of Photo- graphy. This was of the usual disc form, a rotating