Living pictures; their history, photoproduction and practical working. With a digest of British patents and annotated bibliography (1899)

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76 LIVING PICTURES. side enclosed the motive mechanism, which was naturally electric, that method of driving being well known as Mr. Edison's favourite. The celluloid band was of the now familiar form; that is to say, each margin was perforated with four holes to every picture, though in 1890, when his pictures were smaller, Mr. Edison used a single line of perforations only. This endless perforated band passed from one side of the spool-bank to the other through the upper chamber, being stretched over two sprocket- wheels (fitting the perforations), which drove the band past the inspection lens at a constant speed equal to forty-six pictures per second. Below the band, and opposite the inspection opening, an incandescent lamp was situated; the American patent shows a peculiar form of alum-trough placed between lens and film in order to absorb heat, and also a prism arrangement for altering line of sight. As the band was not arrested for the inspection of each picture, some means of providing momentary illumination was necessary, and this was accomplished by a one-slot shutter making forty-six revolutions per second, so as to allow light to pass each time a picture was accurately centred. The mechanical ingenuity displayed in the accomplishment of this method of intermittently illuminating a film continuously moving Fig. 76.