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Ege NOISE AND DISTORTION
Some of the commonest causes of noise and distortion in sound reproduction are occasioned by various film conditions or projector sound equipment mis-alignments. For instance, one Lye Ot sound distortion is created by blemishes in the sound track emulsion,
such as pin holes, scratches, foreign particlés and emulsion cracks, As previously stated, this condition can only be . corrected by acquiring a good print.
Several of the mis-alignment effects which are heard in sound, can
best be described as a "wow" which creates the effect of a waving, tonal wail of a siren, and is normally caused by lack of pressure
on the film passing through the sound head. Calling the puOecns Ons
mes attention to this distortion will serve to rectify this conition.
Another unusual sound distortion emanating from the horns is technically called_"flutter" which can best be described as a rapid, wobbling at eects Flutter tends to prolong the reproduced sound
and is par vi euler ly noticeable on individual piano notes, as well
as on all other musical instruments. Some of the causes of this effect are tight guide roller, tight meu gate tension, excessive film loop, hooked BDO ete causing back lash in film movement,
jerky film takeup adjustment, or a sticking film pad roller or idler.
Another more mechanical ty e of "flutter" sound is caused by an aged exciter lamp which has outlived its usefulness.
CRACKLING
Perhaps the most common distortion occuring in sound reproduction
is a crackling sound, which can be likened to crunching paper effect and can be introduced by several abnormal mechanical conditions.
For instance, loose elements in photo cells or vacuum tubes, poor
or corroded socket connections, loose eae or terminal connections. In the same category would be fhe normal deterioration of resistors, condensers, contacts or open circuits in volume controls or changeover switches -these, of course, would be subject to more thorough ge SL Te aon and repairing than fhe projectionists are normally @quipped to handle. }
If every effort made by the projectionist and the service engineer
. to locate the source of the crackling distortion noise meets with
no success, one may look for and expect cracked diaphragms in one or more of the high or low frequency loud-speaker units in the horn system behind the screen.
MICROPHONIC TUBE
A microphonic tube in sound reproduction is recognized by intermittent or continuous bell tones.