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150 MOSES AND EGYPT
and of sweet calamus two hundred and fifty shekels, And of cassia five hundred shekels . . . and of olive
195. Ex. 30:23 0il an nin> § _ /'i95 The measure 0f the Temple
shekel was 224.2 grains Troy, while the sacred hin
196. Diet, of the amounted to eight or nine pints.196
970-971. To compound the perfume, "a confection after the
197. Ex. 30=35. art of the apothecary,"197 "Take unto thee sweet spices,
stacte and onycha, and galbanum . . . with pure frank
198. Ex. 30:34. incense: of each shall there be a like weight."198 But
a severe ordinance was issued in conjunction with these prescriptions: "Upon man's flesh shall it not be poured, neither shall ye make any other like it. . . . Whosoever shall make like unto that . . . shall even
199. Ex. 30:32, be cut off from his people."199 The implication of these
verses is that ointments and perfumes were cherished by the ancient Israelites, of which there is evidence
200. Ps. 45:8; elsewhere in the Bible.200 Some Bible scholars inter
Prov. 7:17;
Cant1;12 pret the passage in Nehemiah 3:8, "Hananiah the son 4:io. 0f one 0f the apothecaries," to suggest the existence of
201. DicLof the a guild of perfumers.201
700. '
Egyptian Jewelry
a) General observations. The Museum at Cairo and the Metropolitan Museum in New York, to mention but these two, exhibit magnificent examples of the ancient Egyptian jeweler's art. Much can be seen there to inspire a modern craftsman.
When we speak of jewelry here, we refer to it in a broad sense, combining jewelry as ornamentation with amulets which had magical values.
So far it has been impossible to determine with certainty what primary concept ancient man gave to jewelry. Were bones or stones— or whatever material— a delight to man as an accessory for adornment? Or did he confer into them a religious symbolism? Did they contain the power of magic to prevent evil? Whether they be jewelry or magic, both were and are extensively employed throughout the world.
In everyday English of today the words amulet, charm and talisman are interchangeable, but we