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152
MOSES AND EGYPT
210.
Ibid.
211.
Lucas, p. 442.
212.
Ibid., pp. 178 ff.
213.
Ibid., p. 13.
214.
Ibid., p. 248.
broader period of the picture. Jadeite may have been worked into gems, but not true jade. Pearls did not make their appearance until about the third century A.D., but mother-of-pearl was known. Only the green beryl was used in the Egypt of old, while the blue aquamarine or the yellow and white beryl remained unknown. Similarly, the finest quality of beryl, the emerald, has not been found among the many precious discoveries.210
The gems that were never used in the long history of ancient Egypt were the diamond, opal, ruby and sapphire.211
In this context we must mention that the art of glazing was practiced.212 To cement inlays into their setting resin alone was used, or else it was mixed with powdered limestone. Such cements were frequently colored to enhance the stone to be set.213 Silver, perhaps, was used as a solder in combining the various metallic elements to make jewelry.214
215.
Ibid., pp. 55-58. See also Winlock, Three Princesses, p. 48, and El Lahun, pp. 30, 37, 43, 44; Hayes, pp. 229-233.
216. Lucas, p. 43.
217. Hayes, p. 229.
218. Winlock, Three Princesses, p. 42.
c) Jewelry. The single components that made the finished product were manifold. Of these no other has been employed so predominantly as the bead. It was shaped into the most diversified forms, somewhat depending on the raw material used for this purpose. In the most ancient times the bead was worn as found in its natural state— such as a pebble. The shapes produced by Egypt's craftsmen were extremely diversified. The ancient tombs have disclosed to us spheres, tubes, rings, discs, drop and barrel-shaped beads, rhomboids, squares, spirals, and some beads in the form of acacia seeds. Their sizes, too, vary greatly. There are some gold beads, for example, that are 0.078 inches in diameter, with walls less than 0.039 inches thick.215
Beads were strung on hair,210 leather, linen thread217 and gold wire.218 They were linked to jewelry by other means as well. In the film there is a scene where Bithiah, Moses' foster mother, is stringing some beads on wire. The frame on which the stringing takes place