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200 MOTION PICTURE HANDBOOK
not sufficient. -If a short title comes on the instant the machine starts it will be gone before the operator can frame up and adjust his light, unless the film be threaded in frame on the first title picture, or the leader be a blank which has been exposed in the printing machine and developed, thus leaving only the dividing lines, which may be used as a guide in framing.
As a matter of fact, leaders should be of exposed film, developed very dense, ,and at least full four feet in length. This would give the operator time to frame up, adjust his light and have everything just right when the title comes on. Under these conditions if the machine be run slowly at the start the title would have to be very short indeed if the audience could not read it. As a substitute many houses show a stereopticon title slide before running the reel. I do not fancy this scheme. It savors of a makeshift. If things are as they should be there will be no necessity for a slide title, but in many cases it is unavoidable, and therefore better than nothing.
"Ah ha!" I think I .hear some of you say; "you condemn the operator who does not thread in frame, yet now advise the use of leader which will allow of framing up after the machine has been started."
Right you are, brother, but I don't make conditions. None but Mr. Sloppy Workman Operator will thread his machine out of frame, and frame after it has started, but unfortunately Mr. S. W. Operator is still a numerous tribe, and we must therefore take that fact into consideration and try to fix things so that his sloppyness (a crude term, I grant you — but expressive} will do the least possible amount of harm.
The reason for also advising leader and tailpiece on multiple-reel features lies in the fact that they will only slightly inconvenience the operator in the two-machine house, and will be a great convenience to the one-machine house operator.
I strongly advise managers to insist on leaders not less than 48 inches in length on all films; also that they be, if possible, of the kind showing dividing lines. If exchanges will not supply such leaders it will pay theater managers to buy blank film and use leaders of their own.
It is important that there be a tailpiece on every film. It need not exceed 12 inches in length, but should by all means be there and should be of the opaque variety. When the light is shut off by the tailpiece the machine should be instantly stopped. Many operators have a most reprehensible