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206 MOTION PICTURE HANDBOOK
and flat spots, and then, since he will be convicted of knowledge of the cause, let him produce and apply the remedy.
Emulsion May Be Removed from Film by soaking the film in warm water, to which ordinary washing soda 'has been added. Put in large double handfull of soda to the bucket of water. Wash the film afterward in clean, warm water.
CLEANING FILM
Cleaning film is an exceedingly important item in projection. The rain marks you see are nothing more or less than slight scratches in the emulsion, which may or may not have removed that part of the silver carrying the image, but which have filled up with dirt, thus becoming either opaque or semi-opaque. With this dirt removed these
scratches would for the most part be invisible, or nearly so. I have seen a piece of film which was in literally terrible condition with reference to rain marks projected after a thorough cleaning, and it was almost __ like a first run.
Cleaning films with
liquids, however, is not a thing to be undertaken without proper knowledge. Alcohol will remove the dirt, and will not injure the emulsion, but it is likely to cause the film to curl very badly, therefore it is not to be recommended for film cleaning. There .are now on the market two film cleaning fluids which have the approval and indorsement of the Projection Department of the Moving Picture World. These fluids have been thoroughly tested by the department editor. The film can be washed in these chemicals without injury. They do not cause the film to curl, and do in every way a satisfactory job. One of these cleaners is made by the Githcil Company, New York City, and the other by the William Rhodes Film Company, Hartford, Conn.
A less thorough method of film cleaning, but one more readily applicable, is found in the Mortimer Film Cleaner, illustrated in Fig. 77. This cleaner is designed to be fastened to the rewinding table between the reels. It opens on