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FOR MANAGERS AND OPERATORS 459
same time flooding the gears with kerosene from an ordinary squirt can such as is used to oil the machine. If preferred the mechanism may be taken off the table, immersed in gasoline and, first having removed the lenses and the crank, given a few turns while the mechanism is in the bath. This washes out both the gears and bearings very thoroughly. If the intermittent runs in an oil well, plug up the oil well oil hole before immersing the machine.
If the intermittent movement of your machine runs in an oil well a good grade of lubricant should be used therein. Some manufacturers recommend high grade vaseline for this purpose, which should be melted and poured in.
Personally the writter does not regard vaseline as a satisfactory lubricant. He believes that a good medium-bodied oil, such as a fairly heavy dynamo oil, is much better. But whatever you use in the oil well, remember that the intermittent is subjected to exceedingly heavy service, therefore, unless the lubricant be high grade you may expect the cam pins to wear very rapidly.
General Instruction No. 2. — Where the old style friction take-up is used it is of the utmost importance that the takeup tension be set just barely tight enough to take up the entire reel of film. Anything in addition to this is not only bad, but very bad. A minute's consideration will convince you of the importance of this matter. Throughout the entire process of rewinding the friction of the take-up will exert exactly the same amount of pull on the spindle which carries the take-up reel. When the film first begins to wind on the hub of the lower reel the take-up is pulling on the take-up spindle exactly as hard as it is when the process of rewinding is near its completion, but in the beginning the film is winding on the \*/i inch hub, whereas at the end it is winding on the outside diameter of a film roll ten or more inches in diameter. Therefore, since the take-up pull is constant on the spindle, the actual pull exerted on the film at the beginning is very many times greater than it is at the end. This means that the film is wound too tightly in the beginning and too loosely at the end, and that any unnecessary take-up tension only serves to aggravate the abnormally heavy pull at the beginning of the process of rewinding; moreover, it adds to the tendency to lose the lower loop in the earlier part of the run, besides the constant danger of pulling weak patches in two. Excessive tension is, in every way, deterimental, therefore be very careful and don't set your take-up tension any tighter than is necessary to complete the process of rewinding.