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Larger Core for Greater Crater Area means
MORE BRILLIANT ILLUMINATION
for
SHARPER, BRIGHTER PICTURE
CinemaScopE
VIST A VISION
AND ALL OTHER WIDE AREA SCREENS
Longer Burning Economical to use
Amp. Volts Pos. Grade Neg. Gradt
40 (I Kw) 28 42-80 31-38
55-05 34-37
70 38
05-70 35-37
75-00 30-40
00-05 37-40
00-00 50-55
100-4 10 115 02
115-130 130-150 05-07
150-160 60-70
170-100 00-09
7x14
7x14
8x14
8x14
9x14
9x14
9x14
9x20
10x20
10x20
11x20
13.6x22
13.6x22
13.6x22
54IC
544C
544 C
544
544C
544C
544-1 OC
552-09
552-09
552-09
55209
55301 523
583-08
6x9
6x9
7x9
7x9
7x9
8x9
8x9
5/16x9
11/32x9
3/8x9
3/8x9
7/16x9
1/2x9
1/2x9
545-20C
545-C
545C
545C
543C
545C
545C
557C
557C
557C
557C
557C
555C
555C
There's a Lorraine Carbon for your particular lamp
Write for your FREE NEW
LORRAINE CARBON CHART
of recommended amperages, voltage and arc gaps.
CARBONS Inc. BOONTON, N.J.
Better Projection
A Department on PROJECTION So SOUND
Light Requirements with Large Aperture Projection
By CIO CACLIARDI
A great deal has been written about the efficiency of various projection systems and the necessity for well distributed screen illumination. Projection lenses and lamphouse optical systems have been improved considerably. Their light gathering power and transmission speeds have been getting higher and higher. Today standard 35mm film is being subjected to the maximum possible light and heat radiation.
The next step in the ladder of projection progress seems to be the use of larger fdm areas in the projector gate, and this means using considerably wider apertures than
GIO GAGLIARDI
heretofore. Let us examine the relationship between light sources, lamphouse optics, projector film gate size, lens aperture and screen illumination.
Going back to the original fundamental theory of projection, we consider the basic elements of an optical train in Figure 1. A simple lens is used to project the image of the film gate on the screen. The source of illumination is an evenly lighted, large ground glass surface which is perfectly diffusing and which is large enough so that the projection lens will see nothing but the light source from all possible angles through the film gate. If the diffusion is perfect, this light source will appear equally bright from every angle of view and the lens is said to be completely filled with light.
With this particular method, the brightness at the center of the screen will be
22
MOTION PICTURE HERALD, NOVEMBER 5, 1955