Motion Picture News (Sept-Oct 1916)

October 21, 1916 ACCESSORY NEWS SECTION 2583 COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY (Continued from page 2578) tions on color and photography, also commenced his experiments in color photography at about this period. In 1868 Dr. Wm. Zenker of Berhn, Germany, published an article of considerable significance, comparing the results obtained by Seebeck (with silver chloride paper) and Becqurel (with chlorinized silver plates). Zenker showed that the colors secured by Seebeck on paper were purely pigmentary in nature, whereas, he claimed that the color effects secured by Becquerel were only partly pigmentary in nature and were largely due to interference or the action of standing waves — produced in the chloride coating by light reflected from the silver plate back of the coating. Thus Zenker foreshadowed the world famous Lippman process of producing photographs in natural colors, which we shall describe presently. Du Hauron Outlines 3 Color Process The year 1869 is symbolized by the publication of a book — " Les Coleurs en Photographie " — by Marion and Company of Paris. The author of this book was Louis Ducos du Hauron who has been mentioned before in the Camera Department as the originator of the Anaglyph — a system of producing pictures in stereoscopic relief. Du Hauron in this book described two important processes of natural color photography which subsequently materialized, namely — the process of making three negatives, through red, green and blue-violet filters and superimposing prints stained in the complementary colors, and also the so-called "screen plate" process, which consists of making a negative (on a color sensitive plate course) through a ruled or mosaic screen having on its surface lines or dots of the three primary colors. We will consider these processes in detail at the proper time, it being only necessary to state here that Louis Ducos du Hauron was a pioneer in color photography, as we know it today, and made this subject his profound study for many years. , Carey Lea's "Photo Salts" The next important investigations with regard to the photographic recording of color were those of Matthew Carey Lea, an American residing in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1887 Carey Lea made public the results of an extensive series of experiments on the haloid salts of silver. The silver haloids (or halides) as is generally known, are the chloride, bromide and iodide of silver. Lea's experiments showed that these salts were capable of assuming most all colors of the spectrum, but the red chloride of silver seemed the most promising. Lea considered that there were great possibilities for color rendition in these silver compounds, which he termed the " photo salts." In view of the experiments along this line, which have gone before, it appears to us that here really lies a fruitful field for research, the latent possibilities of which may yet be made to score in the production of natural color pictures. The problem of producing color in the silver haloids has been attacked by at least one motion picture concern, but not exactly after the manner of Carey. Lea's suggestions. Efforts to Color Silver in Film Positives The efforts so far made to alter the color of the residual silver in a motion picture film have not been directed toward producing color by the action of light, but by combining dyes (said to be of the aniline group) with the silver bromide during the developing operation. To those chemically inclined, it will be readily apparent that many colors, and combinations of colors, could be effected by causing various chemicals to combine with, or react upon, the silver contained in the emulsion of a motion picture film positive. With regard to such processes we have one comment to make, the justice of which we believe will be conceded by all readers. So long as the silver structure remains (as in a toned print) the film images will always be more or less opaque. This opacity amounts to an admixture of black to the colors produced, so that they could never, therefore, be really pure colors. In making this legitimate comment we by no means wish to discourage those working on such processes, as some results along this line which we have seen are, indeed, very promising. Lippman's Interference Process Following the interesting and valuable researches of Carey Lea, came the announcement by Professor Gabriel Lippman, in 1891, of a process whereby actual and permanent photographs in (Continued on page 2585) OPERA CHAIRS Steel — Cast Iron Exceptional in Quality — Comfortable You are invited to make use of our Service Department. Send blue print or sketch for Free Seating Plan. 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