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CHAPTER XII. THE MAGAZINE THE reel carrying the film and ready for projection is inserted into the upper magazine. Out of this it is fed by the inter- mittent motion and take-up down through the gate or aperture to the lower magazine. Here it is rolled up on another reel. When the reel is exhausted the reel is taken out of the lower magazine for rewinding. As there are several sizes of reels the magazine must be large enough to receive the large sized ones. The magazine is a case of steel. It may be square in shape or round. The large sized reel being fourteen inches in diameter gives the base for determining the size of the magazine. In the center of the upper magazine there is a spindle. On this the full reel is slipped and is free to turn on it as film is taken from the reel and fed through the gate. The lower magazine has a central spindle also. This spindle is geared in with the take-up motion, so that the film as it is drawn out of the upper magazine and fed through the gate will be reeled up on the reel in the lower magazine. This operation must be neither too fast nor too slow. It must not affect in any way the intermittent motion. The same applies to the delivery of film from the upper maga- zine. The film must come down to the intermittent motion sprocket perfectly free and without any strain. The film is drawn out of the upper magazine by a continuous motion sprocket. The film therefore is strained tight between the reel and this sprocket. The next sprocket which operates on the film to draw it across the gate is the intermittent sprocket. So that the film shall come to this sprocket perfectly free and unstrained a loop or slack part is left in the film between the two sprockets. Thus the first one draws the film out of the upper magazine continuously and feeds it directly to the loop. Before the film enters the lower magazine it forms and must maintain a lower loop. If the film is patched or torn, and if there is too much tension on the frictional take-up, the loop may dis- 211