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TEACHING WITH THE MOTION PICTURE 127 A film is used incorrectly in a classroom when it is shown merely because it is related vaguely to the general course. The use of a film because it may be obtained free of rental charge is false economy, when its applica- tion to the curriculum is indirect. A film which might be valuable in one class might waste time if shown in another class in the same school. The presence of a film in the school should not influence other teachers to use it when not needed. B. The peculiar nature of the motion picture assigns to it a particular function as a visual aid. The film is used best either to introduce or to summarize a problem requiring from several days to several weeks of study. Sometimes it may be used effectively both at the beginning and end of the study of a certain problem. C. The showing of the film must be timed accurately. To show a film a few days earlier or later than its proper time in solving the problem destroys much of its value. When administrative procedure requires a change in date for showing the film, the lesson plan must be altered so that the films may be used profitably at the available times, or they should be eliminated completely. D. The film and verbal instruction must be integrated. Teachers' manuals which accompany films should be carefully studied by the classroom teacher well in advance of the film showing. E. Special effort must be made to fix in the memories of the students the material presented by the film. The film so rapidly presents a great amount of material that the memory must be given assistance. It may often be found advantageous to stop the film several times while projecting. Discussion, quizzes, and themes are several devices which may be used to aid the students to retain the knowledge presented. 2. The film as educational or cultural entertainment in the auditorium: A. A well-balanced schedule should be made for such entertainments. B. These programs should be as timely as possible, especially with respect to holiday programs.