Motography (Apr-Dec 1911)

128 MOTOGRAPHY Vol. V, No. 6. Projection without shutters and by means of moving mirrors is a promising direction for experiment for rlickerless projection. Every new thought along that line renders more probable the ultimate solution. No. 983,021. Moving Picture Projecting Machine. George W. Bingham, New York, N. Y., assignor to the Bingham Manufacturing Company, of same place. The principal object of this invention'is to do away with the necessity for perforating the film, and to feed the film by engagement only with the surface thereof. In the carrying out of the invention I employ smoothfaced continuously rotating rolls between which the film js gripped, and by reason of this gripping action, impart a positive feeding motion to the film. In my invention I drive the rolls positively and at uniform rates of speed, so that the film will be firmly gripped between the two rolls and will be fed forward positively with no slippage or irregularity of action. Also, the rolls are made of equal diameter and of non-yielding materia* so that they shall be absolutely positive and regular in action. The rolls are held together by spring pressure to allow for any splices or joints in the film and to permit separation of the rolls for the purpose of inserting the film. The rolls are arranged in pairs and may be either above or below the exposure opening, or both above and below. With my improved film feeding means, I employ means for intermittently advancing the film which engage only the surface of the film. This means may consist of an oscillating tubular member through which the film is passed. The invention may be applied equally as well to the camera for taking the pictures as to the projector for exhibiting the pictures. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation of the feeding mechanism of a moving picture machine, in the U-29 983,021. form of a projector, embodying my invention. The parts carrying the exposure opening are indicated in section in this view. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the invention as embodied in a camera. The film feeding rolls are designated 1 and 2, and preferably one of the rolls (1) is relatively stationary and may therefore be carried by the frame 3 of the machine, while the other roll (2) is movably mounted with respect to the first and may conveniently be carried by a pivoted lever 4, which swings on a center 5. The rolls are preferably held in yielding face-to-face engagement by suitable means such as the spring 6, connected at one end to the lever 4, and having its other end anchored to the frame of the machine. The feed rolls are constantly rotated by any suitable gearing. In the present instance (see Fig. 1) this gearing consists of a main drive gear 7, on the drive shaft 8, and a driven gear 9, carried by one of the rolls. This main drive gear may be motor-driven or may be manually operated as by means of the crank handle 56, shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The main drive gear may mesh direct with the gear 9 on the feed roll, as shown in the lower portion of Fig 1., or where necessary, an idler 10, may be interposed between the driving and driven gears, as shown in the upper portion of this view. The feed rolls thus rotate continuously and they are geared so as to rotate in unison, as by means of intermeshing gears 11 carried by the respective rolls. To further insure absolute uniformity in the movement of the rolls, they are preferably of equal diameter, as shown. In order to protect the face of the film as much as possible from wear, the rolls are preferably recessed between their ends so as to leave the smooth annular rim portions 14 at the ends thereof which engage the edge portions of the film. In this way the film is gripped only at the edge portions thereof so that no wear comes on the central picturecarrying portion of the film. In order that the feed rolls may be as light as possible they are preferably bored out from one end and the end of the bore is then closed by a plug provided with gear teeth to serve as one of the intermeshing gears between the rolls. An annular space is preferably provided between the end of the feed roll and the gear to receive a guard 17, which prevents edgewise movement of the film. The feed rolls, as thus arranged in pairs, are disposed wherever necessary in the machine. Usually there is provided a pair of feed rolls located above or in advance of the exposure opening 57, which act to withdraw the film from the film support and another pair of feed rolls located below the exposure opening which act as a takeup device to take up the film as it is intermittently advanced past the exposure opening. Any suitable means may be used for intermittently advancing the film past the exposure opening. In the present case I have illustrated a form which is very simple in construction. As shown most clearly in Fig. 1, this member consists preferably of a supporting member 18 which is