Moving Picture News (Jul-Oct 1913)

20 THE MOVING PICTURE NEWS MI ATT-P ATENTS DEPAR T M E N T Recent Inventions, Letters Patent, Trade-Marks, Designs, Copyrights, Etc., Relating to the Art, Digested and Reported Exclusively for the Moving Picture News by Geo. Wm. Miatt, Patent Lawyer and Expert, Temple Court, cor. of Nassau and Beekman Streets, New York City "The Oldfield Bill that has been reported l\y the Committee on Patents to the House of Representatives at Washington is a )nost serious attack upon our patent system." So said Frederick P. Fish in a recent address before the American Bar Association at Montreal, Canada. He further said, "Experience has demonstrated that no form of reward so fitted the achievement, was so productive of advantage to the community and was attended by so few disadvantages as the grant to an inventor of a monopoly of his invention for a limited time. While many other forms of reward have been suggested (such suggestions were made at the convention which adopted our national constitution), they have nowhere been adopted as part of the machinery of society. Everywhere some form of exclusive control for a limited time has been recognized as the best way of dealing with the matter. The encouragement of patent protection does not alone stimulate the inventor to intellectual effor{ ; it excites to strenuous effort a long line of intermediaries, capitalists, investors, business administrators, licensees and users who work with or under the patent and whose co-operation is virtually necessary that the invention may not be confined to a paper description, but may actually get into use. After all this line of public servants has been rewarded, the ultimate consumers get their advantage from the invention, even during the term of the patent, in the form of less cost, added facilities, increased comfort and greater convenience ; and their gain, while the patent is in force, is undoubtedly in almost every case infinitely greater than that of those who profit directly from working under the patent. Of course, when the patent expires the invention is free to all. Until 1888 Switzerland had no patent law. It was argued that, situated as Switzerland was, in the heart of the industrial world, with a docile and intelligent population trained by an admirable system of education, and with the great advantages by way of water-power which the country possessed, it could progress more rapidly if its citizens were all free to appropriate for the national industries the ideas, patented or unpatented, of the rest of the world, without the grant of any monopoly to individuals in Switzerland itself. This policy was, however, found to be short-sighted and ill-advised. The Swiss were not encouraged to invent. More than that, they were not encouraged to adopt and introduce inventions. They did not develop the desire to improve. Because they had no patent system, their industries did not advance satisfactorily. Under the stress of the necessity that inventions should be fostered in the community, if industrial progress in competition with that in patent-granting countries was to be secured, a patent law was adopted in 1888. Since then there have been over fifty thousand patents issued in Switzerland and her industrial progress has been marked." John Lewison of New York City, in his Patent No, 1,071,559, sets forth a method of utilizing the blue of a blue-print as one of the primary spectrum colors in making colored photographic reproductions. A negative of a colored object is made on an ordinary orthochromatic photographic plate, having as a basis the silver emulsion, and preferably using a yellow colored screen, in order to obtain the best color values. From such a negative an ordinary l)lue-print is made, which blue-print will, of course, show up the different shade values in their proper proi)ortions. This blue-print is then colored either wholly or in part by applying dye or paint, but preferably red eosin and aurantia, or a mixture of the two, to modify the blue to form any of the spectrum colors, the blue coloration showing through the applied washes with more or less intensity, depending upon the extent of the coating wash. Should it be desired to make all or any material portion of the print either red or yellow, or any other color, in which blue is not used, the blue of the blue print is either wholly or partially dissolved by a weak solution of nitrate of silver which will fix the colors, and. at the same time, will gradually bleach out the blue. Further, the blue-print may be washed with this solution if it is desired to merely weaken the blue color of the object, after the eosin or aurantia has been applied, or a mixture of the two, to form any of the spectrum colors involved in these two primary colors. Should it be desired to restore the blue locally or entirely, or to darken the blue color, the blue-print is respectively touched up or bathed with a solution of ferric chlorid, and this ferric chlorid may be applied in stronger solution or in succession until that part of the object is practically black. Instead of painting or bathing the entire print in any one of these colors certain spaces may be touched up locally, in order to either darken or lighten those particular parts. In addition to this local treatment, the entire print may be submerged in either of these primary colors, or any combination of the same, to give the different color background and a different tint to the entire picture The accompanying perspective view shows a focusing attachment for cameras set forth in Patent No. 1,070,005 issued to Wm. Henry Boehler, of Tiffin, Ohio, who designs to provide a simple, durable and inexpensive device easily applied to the ground glass screen frame; to provide a mirror that will reflect the image from the screen right side up ; to dispense with a focusing cloth, and permit the image to be viewed by a person standing upright, etc. The device comprises a frame formed at one end of a box 2, said frame having a flange 3, extending from the top and sides thereof and provided with openings 4 designed to receive pins 5 extending upwardly from the frame E of the focusing screen. Longitudinally slotted guide strips 6 are secured to the inner faces of the sides of box 2 and extend rearwardly therefrom. These strips are adapted to project into grooves 7 formed within the side walls of an adjustable boxlike section 8 which is slidably fitted within the box 2. The bottom of the section 8 is preferably inclined, as shown at 9, and supports a mirror arranged at 45 degrees to the screen F. A sight opening is formed in the section S between the upper end of the bottom 9 and the rear end of the top of the section, this sight opening being surrounded by flange 13 constituting an eye shield, the said flanges being preferably provided with a cushion 13 adapted to contact with the face of the operator. The annexed perspective shows a new film package and holder, the invention of William T. Price of Minneapolis, Minn. (Patent No, 1,070,843) designed for loading in daylight. A is a plate holder of usual construction, with parallel sides 2 and 3 and end 4. 9 is an envelope with extension IG. 8 are flaps hinged by flexible material 10 12 is a photographic film. The claim is for a plate holder having slide slots therein and a hinged section upon one end, an adapter fitting freely in said holder having a catch and a guard secured to one end, a film packet having an envelope slidable in said slots and a film mount slidable into and out of said envelope, having a tongue adapted to